- Which of the following is the primary source of energy for cellular respiration?
a) Glucose
b) Oxygen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Water
Answer: a) Glucose
Explanation: Glucose is the primary fuel molecule used in cellular respiration to produce ATP.
- What is the role of NADH in cellular respiration?
a) It donates electrons to the electron transport chain
b) It is used to produce oxygen
c) It converts glucose into pyruvate
d) It stores glucose for future use
Answer: a) It donates electrons to the electron transport chain
Explanation: NADH carries high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain, where they are used to produce ATP.
- What is the result of the complete oxidation of glucose in aerobic respiration?
a) ATP and lactic acid
b) ATP, carbon dioxide, and water
c) ATP and ethanol
d) Oxygen and glucose
Answer: b) ATP, carbon dioxide, and water
Explanation: The complete oxidation of glucose in aerobic respiration produces ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.
- Which of the following statements is correct about the mitochondria?
a) They are the site of photosynthesis
b) They have their own DNA and can divide
c) They produce glucose
d) They are only found in animal cells
Answer: b) They have their own DNA and can divide
Explanation: Mitochondria have their own DNA and can replicate independently within the cell.
- Which of the following is a product of the Krebs cycle?
a) Glucose
b) Oxygen
c) NADH and FADH₂
d) Lactic acid
Answer: c) NADH and FADH₂
Explanation: The Krebs cycle produces NADH, FADH₂, ATP, and carbon dioxide.
- Which part of the mitochondrion is responsible for producing the majority of ATP?
a) Outer membrane
b) Intermembrane space
c) Matrix
d) Inner membrane
Answer: d) Inner membrane
Explanation: The inner membrane of the mitochondrion houses the electron transport chain and ATP synthase, which produce the majority of ATP.
- What is the main function of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?
a) To break down glucose into pyruvate
b) To produce ATP by creating a proton gradient
c) To produce NADH and FADH₂
d) To produce glucose from carbon dioxide and water
Answer: b) To produce ATP by creating a proton gradient
Explanation: The electron transport chain creates a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which drives the production of ATP through ATP synthase.
- Which of the following best describes aerobic respiration?
a) A process that occurs in the presence of oxygen and produces a large amount of ATP
b) A process that occurs without oxygen and produces lactic acid
c) A process that only occurs in plants
d) A process that requires glucose but not oxygen
Answer: a) A process that occurs in the presence of oxygen and produces a large amount of ATP
Explanation: Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen and produces a large amount of ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.
- What is the significance of oxygen in the electron transport chain?
a) It accepts electrons and combines with protons to form water
b) It generates ATP directly
c) It produces glucose from carbon dioxide
d) It acts as a substrate for glycolysis
Answer: a) It accepts electrons and combines with protons to form water
Explanation: Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, forming water when it combines with electrons and protons.
- Which process in cellular respiration produces the most ATP?
a) Glycolysis
b) Krebs cycle
c) Electron transport chain
d) Fermentation
Answer: c) Electron transport chain
Explanation: The electron transport chain produces the most ATP, generating approximately 34 ATP molecules from one molecule of glucose.
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