“Plant Kingdom” MCQ with Answer Explanation : NEET 2025.

MCQ 31:
In flowering plants, what is the male gametophyte?

A) Pollen grain
B) Ovule
C) Seed
D) Anther

Answer: A) Pollen grain

Explanation: The pollen grain represents the male gametophyte in flowering plants, carrying the sperm cells to fertilize the ovule.

MCQ 32:
Which of the following structures is a gametophyte?

A) Leaf
B) Flower
C) Protonema
D) Stem

Answer: C) Protonema

Explanation: Protonema is a filamentous structure that forms during the early stage of moss development and represents the gametophyte generation.

MCQ 33:
The green pigment in chloroplasts that captures light energy is:

A) Carotenoids
B) Phycobilins
C) Chlorophyll a
D) Chlorophyll b

Answer: C) Chlorophyll a

Explanation: Chlorophyll a is the primary pigment involved in capturing light energy for photosynthesis, while chlorophyll b assists in capturing additional light wavelengths.

MCQ 34:
The dominant phase in the life cycle of angiosperms is:

A) Gametophyte
B) Sporophyte
C) Protonema
D) Archegonium

Answer: B) Sporophyte

Explanation: In angiosperms, the sporophyte phase is dominant and is represented by the flowering plant itself.

MCQ 35:
Which of the following is a characteristic of dicotyledonous plants?

A) One cotyledon
B) Vascular bundles scattered
C) Flower parts in multiples of three
D) Net-like leaf venation

Answer: D) Net-like leaf venation

Explanation: Dicotyledons (dicots) typically have net-like (reticulate) leaf venation, while monocots have parallel venation.

MCQ 36:
Which plant part is primarily responsible for photosynthesis?

A) Roots
B) Stems
C) Leaves
D) Flowers

Answer: C) Leaves

Explanation: Leaves are the main site for photosynthesis due to the presence of chloroplasts containing chlorophyll.

MCQ 37:
Which type of plant is known for its ability to survive in arid conditions?

A) Hydrophyte
B) Mesophyte
C) Xerophyte
D) Halophyte

Answer: C) Xerophyte

Explanation: Xerophytes are plants adapted to survive in dry, arid conditions, often featuring adaptations like thick cuticles and reduced leaf surface area.

MCQ 38:
Which of the following is the process of transferring pollen from the male anther to the female stigma?

A) Fertilization
B) Pollination
C) Germination
D) Photosynthesis

Answer: B) Pollination

Explanation: Pollination is the process of transferring pollen from the anther to the stigma, leading to fertilization.

MCQ 39:
Which type of vascular tissue is primarily responsible for transporting water and minerals?

A) Phloem
B) Xylem
C) Cambium
D) Cortex

Answer: B) Xylem

Explanation: Xylem is the vascular tissue responsible for the transport of water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.

MCQ 40:
Which plant hormone promotes fruit ripening?

A) Auxin
B) Ethylene
C) Gibberellin
D) Cytokinin

Answer: B) Ethylene

Explanation: Ethylene is the hormone that promotes fruit ripening and is produced in response to various environmental cues.