Here below some basic MCQ’s of Plant Kingdom with answer which is explained in details. Let’s check one by one which is given below.
MCQ 1:
Which of the following is not a characteristic of gymnosperms?
A) Seeds are exposed.
B) They have flowers.
C) They possess vascular tissue.
D) They are predominantly woody plants.
Answer: B) They have flowers.
Explanation: Gymnosperms do not produce flowers; instead, they bear seeds exposed on cones. They do possess vascular tissues and are primarily woody, but flowering is characteristic of angiosperms.
MCQ 2:
Which plant group is known for having a dominant sporophyte generation?
A) Bryophytes
B) Pteridophytes
C) Gymnosperms
D) Both B and C
Answer: D) Both B and C
Explanation: Both pteridophytes (ferns) and gymnosperms have a dominant sporophyte generation. In contrast, bryophytes (mosses and liverworts) have a dominant gametophyte generation.
MCQ 3:
In angiosperms, which part of the flower is responsible for producing pollen?
A) Stigma
B) Anther
C) Ovary
D) Style
Answer: B) Anther
Explanation: The anther is the part of the stamen that produces and contains pollen. The stigma receives the pollen, while the ovary contains the ovules.
MCQ 4:
Which of the following is the largest group of plants in terms of species diversity?
A) Bryophytes
B) Pteridophytes
C) Gymnosperms
D) Angiosperms
Answer: D) Angiosperms
Explanation: Angiosperms, or flowering plants, are the largest group of plants, with the highest species diversity, including a wide range of flowering plants.
MCQ 5:
The main function of phloem in vascular plants is to:
A) Conduct water.
B) Provide structural support.
C) Transport nutrients and organic compounds.
D) Store carbohydrates.
Answer: C) Transport nutrients and organic compounds.
Explanation: Phloem is responsible for the transport of nutrients, particularly sugars produced during photosynthesis, throughout the plant. Xylem, on the other hand, is responsible for conducting water and minerals.
MCQ 6:
Which plant hormone is primarily responsible for cell elongation?
A) Auxins
B) Gibberellins
C) Cytokinins
D) Abscisic acid
Answer: A) Auxins
Explanation: Auxins are the plant hormones that promote cell elongation and play a crucial role in growth processes, including phototropism and gravitropism. Gibberellins also promote growth but are more involved in seed germination and stem elongation.
MCQ 7:
The process of photosynthesis primarily takes place in which plant cell organelle?
A) Mitochondria
B) Chloroplast
C) Ribosome
D) Nucleus
Answer: B) Chloroplast
Explanation: Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts, where light energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Mitochondria are involved in cellular respiration.
These questions can help reinforce concepts related to the Plant Kingdom and are formatted in a style that mimics what you might encounter on the NEET exam. If you need more questions or specific topics, feel free to ask!
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Here’s a continuation of the “Plant Kingdom” MCQs to help you reach 100 questions. Each question includes the answer and explanation.
MCQ 8:
Which of the following is a non-vascular plant?
A) Fern
B) Moss
C) Pine tree
D) Flowering plant
Answer: B) Moss
Explanation: Mosses are non-vascular plants (bryophytes) that do not have specialized tissues (xylem and phloem) for transporting water and nutrients.
MCQ 9:
The main photosynthetic pigment found in plants is:
A) Carotene
B) Xanthophyll
C) Chlorophyll
D) Anthocyanin
Answer: C) Chlorophyll
Explanation: Chlorophyll is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis, responsible for capturing light energy.
MCQ 10:
In which part of the plant does the majority of water absorption occur?
A) Leaves
B) Stem
C) Roots
D) Flowers
Answer: C) Roots
Explanation: The roots are primarily responsible for absorbing water and nutrients from the soil.
MCQ 11:
Which type of plant reproduction involves the fusion of gametes?
A) Asexual reproduction
B) Sexual reproduction
C) Vegetative propagation
D) Budding
Answer: B) Sexual reproduction
Explanation: Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes, leading to the formation of seeds.
MCQ 12:
What type of leaf venation is characteristic of monocots?
A) Reticulate
B) Parallel
C) Palmate
D) Pinnate
Answer: B) Parallel
Explanation: Monocots typically have parallel venation in their leaves, while dicots usually exhibit reticulate venation.
MCQ 13:
Which of the following structures is a modified leaf?
A) Root
B) Stem
C) Tendril
D) Flower
Answer: C) Tendril
Explanation: Tendrils are modified leaves (or stems) that help plants climb and support themselves.
MCQ 14:
The function of stomata in plants is primarily to:
A) Store nutrients
B) Conduct photosynthesis
C) Regulate gas exchange
D) Anchor the plant
Answer: C) Regulate gas exchange
Explanation: Stomata are small openings on the leaf surface that allow for gas exchange, facilitating respiration and photosynthesis.
MCQ 15:
Which group of plants does not produce seeds?
A) Gymnosperms
B) Angiosperms
C) Pteridophytes
D) All of the above
Answer: C) Pteridophytes
Explanation: Pteridophytes (ferns) do not produce seeds; they reproduce via spores. Gymnosperms and angiosperms do produce seeds.
MCQ 16:
The substance that provides rigidity to plant cell walls is:
A) Cellulose
B) Starch
C) Glycogen
D) Protein
Answer: A) Cellulose
Explanation: Cellulose is a polysaccharide that provides structural support and rigidity to plant cell walls.
MCQ 17:
The role of the ovule in seed plants is to:
A) Produce pollen
B) Develop into a seed
C) Store water
D) Absorb nutrients
Answer: B) Develop into a seed
Explanation: The ovule develops into a seed after fertilization when the sperm fertilizes the egg cell.
MCQ 18:
Which type of root system is characteristic of dicots?
A) Fibrous root system
B) Taproot system
C) Adventitious root system
D) None of the above
Answer: B) Taproot system
Explanation: Dicots typically have a taproot system, which features a primary root that grows deeper into the soil, with smaller lateral roots.
MCQ 19:
What is the primary function of the xylem?
A) Transport nutrients
B) Transport water
C) Photosynthesis
D) Store carbohydrates
Answer: B) Transport water
Explanation: The xylem is responsible for the upward transport of water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.
MCQ 20:
Which of the following is an example of a gymnosperm?
A) Rose
B) Pine
C) Fern
D) Grass
Answer: B) Pine
Explanation: Pine trees are gymnosperms, characterized by their cones and needle-like leaves, while roses are angiosperms, ferns are pteridophytes, and grasses are also angiosperms.
MCQ 21:
The part of the plant that develops into fruit after fertilization is the:
A) Stamen
B) Ovule
C) Ovary
D) Petal
Answer: C) Ovary
Explanation: The ovary, after fertilization, develops into the fruit, which contains seeds.
MCQ 22:
Which of the following is a characteristic of algae?
A) They are vascular plants.
B) They can be unicellular or multicellular.
C) They have true roots and leaves.
D) They reproduce only sexually.
Answer: B) They can be unicellular or multicellular.
Explanation: Algae can be found in various forms, including unicellular and multicellular species, and do not have true roots, stems, or leaves.
MCQ 23:
Which part of the plant is primarily involved in photosynthesis?
A) Roots
B) Stem
C) Leaves
D) Flowers
Answer: C) Leaves
Explanation: Leaves contain chlorophyll and are the main sites for photosynthesis in plants.
MCQ 24:
Which hormone is involved in promoting seed dormancy?
A) Auxin
B) Gibberellin
C) Abscisic acid
D) Cytokinin
Answer: C) Abscisic acid
Explanation: Abscisic acid is responsible for promoting seed dormancy and stress responses in plants.
MCQ 25:
Which group of plants is characterized by having true roots, stems, and leaves?
A) Bryophytes
B) Pteridophytes
C) Gymnosperms
D) Angiosperms
Answer: B) Pteridophytes
Explanation: Pteridophytes (ferns) have true roots, stems, and leaves, unlike bryophytes, which lack vascular tissues.
MCQ 26:
What is the function of the cuticle on plant leaves?
A) Nutrient absorption
B) Water retention
C) Photosynthesis
D) Respiration
Answer: B) Water retention
Explanation: The cuticle is a waxy layer on the surface of leaves that helps prevent water loss by reducing evaporation.
MCQ 27:
Which of the following plant structures is responsible for the production of seeds?
A) Leaf
B) Flower
C) Stem
D) Root
Answer: B) Flower
Explanation: Flowers are the reproductive structures of angiosperms and are responsible for the production of seeds after fertilization.
MCQ 28:
Which type of fungi forms symbiotic associations with plant roots?
A) Yeasts
B) Mycorrhizae
C) Mold
D) Mushrooms
Answer: B) Mycorrhizae
Explanation: Mycorrhizal fungi form beneficial associations with plant roots, enhancing nutrient absorption, especially phosphorus.
MCQ 29:
What is the function of the phloem in plants?
A) Transport water
B) Transport nutrients and sugars
C) Provide structural support
D) Conduct photosynthesis
Answer: B) Transport nutrients and sugars
Explanation: Phloem is responsible for transporting organic compounds, particularly sugars produced during photosynthesis, throughout the plant.
MCQ 30:
Which plant group reproduces via spores instead of seeds?
A) Angiosperms
B) Gymnosperms
C) Bryophytes
D) Both B and C
Answer: C) Bryophytes
Explanation: Bryophytes (mosses and liverworts) reproduce via spores, while angiosperms and gymnosperms reproduce using seeds.
MCQ 31:
In flowering plants, what is the male gametophyte?
A) Pollen grain
B) Ovule
C) Seed
D) Anther
Answer: A) Pollen grain
Explanation: The pollen grain represents the male gametophyte in flowering plants, carrying the sperm cells to fertilize the ovule.
MCQ 32:
Which of the following structures is a gametophyte?
A) Leaf
B) Flower
C) Protonema
D) Stem
Answer: C) Protonema
Explanation: Protonema is a filamentous structure that forms during the early stage of moss development and represents the gametophyte generation.
MCQ 33:
The green pigment in chloroplasts that captures light energy is:
A) Carotenoids
B) Phycobilins
C) Chlorophyll a
D) Chlorophyll b
Answer: C) Chlorophyll a
Explanation: Chlorophyll a is the primary pigment involved in capturing light energy for photosynthesis, while chlorophyll b assists in capturing additional light wavelengths.
MCQ 34:
The dominant phase in the life cycle of angiosperms is:
A) Gametophyte
B) Sporophyte
C) Protonema
D) Archegonium
Answer: B) Sporophyte
Explanation: In angiosperms, the sporophyte phase is dominant and is represented by the flowering plant itself.
MCQ 35:
Which of the following is a characteristic of dicotyledonous plants?
A) One cotyledon
B) Vascular bundles scattered
C) Flower parts in multiples of three
D) Net-like leaf venation
Answer: D) Net-like leaf venation
Explanation: Dicotyledons (dicots) typically have net-like (reticulate) leaf venation, while monocots have parallel venation.
MCQ 36:
Which plant part is primarily responsible for photosynthesis?
A) Roots
B) Stems
C) Leaves
D) Flowers
Answer: C) Leaves
Explanation: Leaves are the main site for photosynthesis due to the presence of chloroplasts containing chlorophyll.
MCQ 37:
Which type of plant is known for its ability to survive in arid conditions?
A) Hydrophyte
B) Mesophyte
C) Xerophyte
D) Halophyte
Answer: C) Xerophyte
Explanation: Xerophytes are plants adapted to survive in dry, arid conditions, often featuring adaptations like thick cuticles and reduced leaf surface area.
MCQ 38:
Which of the following is the process of transferring pollen from the male anther to the female stigma?
A) Fertilization
B) Pollination
C) Germination
D) Photosynthesis
Answer: B) Pollination
Explanation: Pollination is the process of transferring pollen from the anther to the stigma, leading to fertilization.
MCQ 39:
Which type of vascular tissue is primarily responsible for transporting water and minerals?
A) Phloem
B) Xylem
C) Cambium
D) Cortex
Answer: B) Xylem
Explanation: Xylem is the vascular tissue responsible for the transport of water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.
MCQ 40:
Which plant hormone promotes fruit ripening?
A) Auxin
B) Ethylene
C) Gibberellin
D) Cytokinin
Answer: B) Ethylene
Explanation: Ethylene is the hormone that promotes fruit ripening and is produced in response to various environmental cues.
MCQ 41:
Which of the following is not a function of roots?
A) Anchorage
B) Storage of food
C) Photosynthesis
D) Absorption of water
Answer: C) Photosynthesis
Explanation: Roots primarily function in anchorage, nutrient and water absorption, and food storage, but they do not perform photosynthesis.
MCQ 42:
What is the term for plants that can live in saline environments?
A) Xerophytes
B) Halophytes
C) Mesophytes
D) Hydrophytes
Answer: B) Halophytes
Explanation: Halophytes are plants adapted to thrive in salty environments, such as coastal areas or salt marshes.
MCQ 43:
In plants, what is the function of the cambium?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Water transport
C) Growth in thickness
D) Nutrient storage
Answer: C) Growth in thickness
Explanation: Cambium is a layer of meristematic tissue that contributes to the secondary growth of stems and roots, increasing their thickness.
MCQ 44:
Which of the following is a feature of ferns?
A) They produce seeds.
B) They have flowers.
C) They reproduce using spores.
D) They are non-vascular plants.
Answer: C) They reproduce using spores.
Explanation: Ferns reproduce via spores and have a dominant sporophyte generation, unlike seed-producing plants.
MCQ 45:
Which part of the plant is primarily involved in the uptake of nutrients and water?
A) Stem
B) Leaves
C) Roots
D) Flowers
Answer: C) Roots
Explanation: Roots are responsible for the uptake of water and nutrients from the soil.
MCQ 46:
Which part of the flower is typically colorful and attracts pollinators?
A) Sepal
B) Petal
C) Stamen
D) Pistil
Answer: B) Petal
Explanation: Petals are often brightly colored and serve to attract pollinators to the flower.
MCQ 47:
What is the primary function of leaf stomata?
A) Water absorption
B) Photosynthesis
C) Gas exchange
D) Nutrient storage
Answer: C) Gas exchange
Explanation: Stomata allow for gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the internal tissues of the leaf and the external environment.
MCQ 48:
Which plant group is known for having a high degree of diversity in forms and habitats?
A) Algae
B) Fungi
C) Angiosperms
D) Bryophytes
Answer: C) Angiosperms
Explanation: Angiosperms (flowering plants) show immense diversity in forms, habitats, and ecological roles.
MCQ 49:
What type of reproduction involves the production of offspring without fertilization?
A) Sexual reproduction
B) Asexual reproduction
C) Vegetative propagation
D) Budding
Answer: B) Asexual reproduction
Explanation: Asexual reproduction produces offspring without the fusion of gametes, leading to genetically identical individuals.
MCQ 50:
Which of the following structures protects the developing ovule?
A) Anther
B) Stigma
C) Ovary
D) Style
Answer: C) Ovary
Explanation: The ovary surrounds and protects the ovules within a flower until fertilization occurs.
MCQ 51:
What is the main function of the plant cuticle?
A) To facilitate photosynthesis
B) To prevent water loss
C) To support the plant structure
D) To absorb nutrients
Answer: B) To prevent water loss
Explanation: The cuticle is a waxy layer on leaves that reduces water loss, helping the plant conserve moisture.
MCQ 52:
Which group of plants is considered to be the most primitive?
A) Gymnosperms
B) Angiosperms
C) Bryophytes
D) Pteridophytes
Answer: C) Bryophytes
Explanation: Bryophytes, such as mosses and liverworts, are considered the most primitive group of land plants, lacking vascular tissues.
MCQ 53:
Which type of plant has the ability to float on water?
A) Xerophytes
B) Hydrophytes
C) Mesophytes
D) Halophytes
Answer: B) Hydrophytes
Explanation: Hydrophytes are plants adapted to live in aquatic environments and can float on water.
MCQ 54:
What is the role of auxins in plant growth?
A) Promote fruit ripening
B) Stimulate root growth
C) Induce leaf fall
D) Control flowering
Answer: B) Stimulate root growth
Explanation: Auxins promote root development and elongation, playing a critical role in plant growth and response to light and gravity.
MCQ 55:
In flowering plants, what structure develops into a seed?
A) Ovule
B) Stamen
C) Pistil
D) Anther
Answer: A) Ovule
Explanation: The ovule, upon fertilization, develops into a seed containing the plant embryo.
MCQ 56:
Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for the transportation of food?
A) Xylem
B) Phloem
C) Cambium
D) Cortex
Answer: B) Phloem
Explanation: Phloem is responsible for transporting sugars and other organic compounds throughout the plant.
MCQ 57:
Which of the following plants is known for its ability to thrive in low-nutrient conditions?
A) Cacti
B) Carnivorous plants
C) Ferns
D) Trees
Answer: B) Carnivorous plants
Explanation: Carnivorous plants, like Venus flytraps, obtain nutrients by capturing and digesting insects, allowing them to thrive in nutrient-poor environments.
MCQ 58:
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of gymnosperms?
A) Seeds are exposed.
B) They have vascular tissues.
C) They produce flowers.
D) They can be woody.
Answer: C) They produce flowers.
Explanation: Gymnosperms do not produce flowers; they bear seeds on cones.
MCQ 59:
Which type of fruit develops from a single flower with multiple ovaries?
A) Simple fruit
B) Aggregate fruit
C) Multiple fruit
D) Accessory fruit
Answer: B) Aggregate fruit
Explanation: Aggregate fruits develop from a single flower that has multiple ovaries, such as raspberries.
MCQ 60:
What is the primary function of root hairs?
A) Store carbohydrates
B) Absorb water and nutrients
C) Support the plant
D) Conduct photosynthesis
Answer: B) Absorb water and nutrients
Explanation: Root hairs increase the surface area of roots, enhancing their ability to absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
MCQ 61:
What part of the plant contains the reproductive organs?
A) Leaf
B) Stem
C) Flower
D) Root
Answer: C) Flower
Explanation: Flowers contain the reproductive organs of flowering plants, including the stamen and pistil.
MCQ 62:
Which type of plant is adapted to live in wet environments?
A) Xerophytes
B) Mesophytes
C) Hydrophytes
D) Halophytes
Answer: C) Hydrophytes
Explanation: Hydrophytes are specially adapted to thrive in aquatic or very moist environments.
MCQ 63:
Which structure in plants is primarily responsible for anchoring the plant to the soil?
A) Stem
B) Roots
C) Leaves
D) Flowers
Answer: B) Roots
Explanation: Roots anchor the plant in the soil and provide stability.
MCQ 64:
What is the term for the process by which plants lose water vapor?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Respiration
C) Transpiration
D) Germination
Answer: C) Transpiration
Explanation: Transpiration is the process through which water vapor is released from plant leaves into the atmosphere.
MCQ 65:
Which of the following is a characteristic of monocots?
A) Two cotyledons
B) Floral parts in multiples of four or five
C) Vascular bundles in a ring
D) Parallel leaf venation
Answer: D) Parallel leaf venation
Explanation: Monocots have leaves with parallel venation, while dicots have reticulate venation and typically two cotyledons.
MCQ 66:
Which plant structure is responsible for producing gametes?
A) Flower
B) Leaf
C) Root
D) Stem
Answer: A) Flower
Explanation: Flowers are the reproductive structures that produce gametes (pollen and ovules).
MCQ 67:
Which of the following is a function of plant stems?
A) Water absorption
B) Nutrient storage
C) Support for leaves and flowers
D) Photosynthesis
Answer: C) Support for leaves and flowers
Explanation: Stems provide support for leaves and flowers and transport water and nutrients between roots and leaves.
MCQ 68:
Which hormone promotes cell division in plants?
A) Auxin
B) Gibberellin
C) Ethylene
D) Cytokinin
Answer: D) Cytokinin
Explanation: Cytokinins promote cell division and growth, playing a crucial role in various plant developmental processes.
MCQ 69:
Which of the following is a non-flowering plant?
A) Orchid
B) Rose
C) Pine tree
D) Sunflower
Answer: C) Pine tree
Explanation: Pine trees are gymnosperms and do not produce flowers, while orchids, roses, and sunflowers are flowering plants (angiosperms).
MCQ 70:
What type of fruit is formed from a cluster of flowers?
A) Simple fruit
B) Aggregate fruit
C) Multiple fruit
D) Accessory fruit
Answer: C) Multiple fruit
Explanation: Multiple fruits develop from a cluster of flowers, such as pineapples and figs.
MCQ 71:
Which of the following plants is known for its ability to fix nitrogen?
A) Wheat
B) Clover
C) Corn
D) Potato
Answer: B) Clover
Explanation: Clover and other legumes have symbiotic relationships with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, allowing them to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form.
MCQ 72:
Which plant part is primarily responsible for absorbing light energy?
A) Roots
B) Stems
C) Leaves
D) Flowers
Answer: C) Leaves
Explanation: Leaves contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
MCQ 73:
Which group of plants includes both ferns and mosses?
A) Vascular plants
B) Non-vascular plants
C) Gymnosperms
D) Angiosperms
Answer: A) Vascular plants
Explanation: Both ferns (vascular) and mosses (non-vascular) are types of plants, but mosses are categorized as non-vascular.
MCQ 74:
What type of symmetry is characteristic of most flowers?
A) Asymmetrical
B) Radial symmetry
C) Bilateral symmetry
D) Both B and C
Answer: D) Both B and C
Explanation: Many flowers exhibit either radial symmetry (regular) or bilateral symmetry (irregular), depending on the species.
MCQ 75:
Which part of the flower develops into the seed coat?
A) Ovule
B) Anther
C) Stigma
D) Style
Answer: A) Ovule
Explanation: The ovule develops into the seed, and its outer layers form the seed coat after fertilization.
MCQ 76:
Which group of plants is primarily known for having vascular tissues?
A) Bryophytes
B) Pteridophytes
C) Angiosperms
D) Both B and C
Answer: D) Both B and C
Explanation: Both pteridophytes (ferns) and angiosperms have vascular tissues (xylem and phloem), while bryophytes do not.
MCQ 77:
Which hormone is involved in leaf abscission?
A) Auxin
B) Ethylene
C) Gibberellin
D) Cytokinin
Answer: B) Ethylene
Explanation: Ethylene is involved in the process of leaf abscission, promoting the shedding of leaves.
MCQ 78:
Which plant structure is primarily responsible for nutrient storage?
A) Leaves
B) Roots
C) Stems
D) Flowers
Answer: B) Roots
Explanation: Roots often store carbohydrates and nutrients for the plant, especially during dormancy.
MCQ 79:
Which of the following is a type of asexual reproduction in plants?
A) Pollination
B) Fragmentation
C) Fertilization
D) Germination
Answer: B) Fragmentation
Explanation: Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction where a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant.
MCQ 80:
Which part of the plant is responsible for the formation of new cells?
A) Meristem
B) Cortex
C) Xylem
D) Phloem
Answer: A) Meristem
Explanation: Meristematic tissues are regions in plants where new cells are formed, allowing for growth.
MCQ 81:
Which of the following is a method of seed dispersal?
A) Pollination
B) Germination
C) Wind
D) Photosynthesis
Answer: C) Wind
Explanation: Wind is one of the primary methods of seed dispersal, allowing seeds to travel away from the parent plant.
MCQ 82:
What type of plant has broad, flat leaves?
A) Cacti
B) Grasses
C) Broadleaf trees
D) Succulents
Answer: C) Broadleaf trees
Explanation: Broadleaf trees, such as maples and oaks, have broad, flat leaves that are typically adapted for photosynthesis.
MCQ 83:
Which group of plants is characterized by having two seed leaves?
A) Monocots
B) Dicots
C) Gymnosperms
D) Ferns
Answer: B) Dicots
Explanation: Dicots are characterized by having two cotyledons (seed leaves) in their seeds, while monocots have one.
MCQ 84:
Which of the following processes involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy?
A) Respiration
B) Photosynthesis
C) Transpiration
D) Fermentation
Answer: B) Photosynthesis
Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.
MCQ 85:
What is the main purpose of the root cap?
A) Protect the root tip
B) Absorb water
C) Conduct nutrients
D) Store food
Answer: A) Protect the root tip
Explanation: The root cap protects the delicate growing tip of the root as it pushes through the soil.
MCQ 86:
Which of the following is a benefit of plant secondary metabolites?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Growth
C) Defense against herbivores
D) Nutrient absorption
Answer: C) Defense against herbivores
Explanation: Secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids and tannins, often serve as a defense mechanism against herbivores and pathogens.
MCQ 87:
Which part of the plant absorbs most of the water and nutrients?
A) Leaves
B) Roots
C) Stems
D) Flowers
Answer: B) Roots
Explanation: Roots are the primary site for water and nutrient absorption in plants.
MCQ 88:
Which structure is responsible for the production of pollen?
A) Stigma
B) Anther
C) Ovary
D) Style
Answer: B) Anther
Explanation: The anther is the part of the stamen that produces and contains pollen.
MCQ 89:
Which of the following is a primary function of leaves?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Nutrient storage
C) Water absorption
D) Support
Answer: A) Photosynthesis
Explanation: The primary function of leaves is to carry out photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.
MCQ 90:
Which of the following is a common method of asexual reproduction in plants?
A) Pollination
B) Budding
C) Fertilization
D) Germination
Answer: B) Budding
Explanation: Budding is a form of asexual reproduction where a new individual develops from a bud on the parent plant.
MCQ 91:
Which of the following plant hormones is primarily involved in stem elongation?
A) Gibberellin
B) Ethylene
C) Auxin
D) Cytokinin
Answer: A) Gibberellin
Explanation: Gibberellins promote stem elongation and growth by stimulating cell division and elongation.
MCQ 92:
Which of the following structures in plants is involved in gas exchange?
A) Stomata
B) Xylem
C) Phloem
D) Meristem
Answer: A) Stomata
Explanation: Stomata are small openings on the leaf surface that facilitate gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide).
MCQ 93:
Which of the following types of plants can be described as having a thick cuticle and reduced leaf surface area?
A) Mesophytes
B) Xerophytes
C) Hydrophytes
D) Halophytes
Answer: B) Xerophytes
Explanation: Xerophytes are adapted to conserve water in arid environments, often featuring a thick cuticle and reduced leaf surface area.
MCQ 94:
Which part of the plant is primarily involved in nutrient transport?
A) Xylem
B) Phloem
C) Roots
D) Leaves
Answer: B) Phloem
Explanation: Phloem is responsible for the transport of nutrients, particularly sugars produced during photosynthesis.
MCQ 95:
Which plant structure is responsible for producing seeds?
A) Stamen
B) Ovary
C) Petal
D) Sepal
Answer: B) Ovary
Explanation: The ovary contains ovules, which develop into seeds after fertilization.
MCQ 96:
Which of the following is a function of chlorophyll in plants?
A) Absorb sunlight
B) Store energy
C) Conduct water
D) Produce oxygen
Answer: A) Absorb sunlight
Explanation: Chlorophyll is the pigment that absorbs sunlight, enabling photosynthesis.
MCQ 97:
Which of the following plant groups does not produce seeds?
A) Angiosperms
B) Gymnosperms
C) Pteridophytes
D) Both B and C
Answer: D) Both B and C
Explanation: Both gymnosperms and pteridophytes (ferns) do not produce seeds; gymnosperms produce naked seeds, while pteridophytes reproduce via spores.
MCQ 98:
Which of the following structures in a flower is typically involved in pollen transfer?
A) Ovule
B) Stigma
C) Anther
D) Petal
Answer: C) Anther
Explanation: The anther produces pollen, which is transferred to the stigma during pollination.
MCQ 99:
Which part of the flower is responsible for receiving pollen?
A) Stamen
B) Pistil
C) Sepal
D) Petal
Answer: B) Pistil
Explanation: The pistil, which includes the stigma, is responsible for receiving pollen during fertilization.
MCQ 100:
Which part of the plant is primarily involved in nutrient absorption?
A) Leaves
B) Stems
C) Roots
D) Flowers
Answer: C) Roots
Explanation: Roots are the main structures for nutrient absorption from the soil.
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