“Photosysnthesis in Higher Plants” MCQ with Answer Explanation : NEET 2025.

Here below some basic MCQ’s about “Photosynthesis in higher plants” with answer which is explained in details. Let’s check one by one which is given below.

MCQ 1:
What is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis in higher plants?

A) Carotenoids
B) Chlorophyll a
C) Xanthophyll
D) Chlorophyll b

Answer: B) Chlorophyll a

Explanation:
Chlorophyll a is the main pigment responsible for capturing light energy during photosynthesis. It absorbs light primarily in the blue and red wavelengths and plays a crucial role in the photosynthetic process.

MCQ 2:
Which of the following processes occurs during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

A) Conversion of carbon dioxide to glucose
B) Splitting of water molecules
C) Formation of sucrose
D) Calvin cycle

Answer: B) Splitting of water molecules

Explanation:
The light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and involve the absorption of light energy, which leads to the photolysis (splitting) of water molecules to release oxygen, protons, and electrons.

MCQ 3:
In which part of the plant does photosynthesis primarily take place?

A) Roots
B) Stems
C) Leaves
D) Flowers

Answer: C) Leaves

Explanation:
Photosynthesis primarily occurs in the leaves, which contain chloroplasts rich in chlorophyll. The broad surface area of leaves allows for maximum light absorption.

MCQ 4:
What is the main purpose of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

A) To produce ATP
B) To convert light energy into chemical energy
C) To synthesize glucose from carbon dioxide
D) To release oxygen

Answer: C) To synthesize glucose from carbon dioxide

Explanation:
The Calvin cycle, also known as the light-independent reactions, occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts and is responsible for fixing carbon dioxide and synthesizing glucose using ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions.

MCQ 5:
Which of the following factors does NOT affect the rate of photosynthesis?

A) Light intensity
B) Temperature
C) Oxygen concentration
D) Carbon dioxide concentration

Answer: C) Oxygen concentration

Explanation:
While light intensity, temperature, and carbon dioxide concentration significantly affect the rate of photosynthesis, oxygen concentration does not directly impact the process; instead, it is a byproduct of photosynthesis.

MCQ 6:
What is the primary role of the stomata in plants during photosynthesis?

A) Absorb sunlight
B) Store glucose
C) Exchange gases
D) Transport water

Answer: C) Exchange gases

Explanation:
Stomata are small openings on the surface of leaves that allow for the exchange of gases, specifically the intake of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen, which are crucial for the process of photosynthesis.

MCQ 7:
Which of the following is a byproduct of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

A) Glucose
B) NADPH
C) ATP
D) Oxygen

Answer: D) Oxygen

Explanation:
Oxygen is released as a byproduct during the photolysis of water in the light-dependent reactions. The other options (NADPH and ATP) are energy carriers used in the Calvin cycle.

MCQ 8:
What is the function of RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle?

A) Converts glucose to starch
B) Fixes carbon dioxide
C) Produces ATP
D) Splits water molecules

Answer: B) Fixes carbon dioxide

Explanation:
RuBisCO (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) is the enzyme that catalyzes the fixation of carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle, initiating the synthesis of glucose.

MCQ 9:
In higher plants, where are chloroplasts primarily located?

A) In root cells
B) In leaf mesophyll cells
C) In stem cells
D) In flower cells

Answer: B) In leaf mesophyll cells

Explanation:
Chloroplasts are predominantly found in the mesophyll cells of leaves, where they facilitate the photosynthetic process.

MCQ 10:
What is the significance of chlorophyll b in photosynthesis?

A) It absorbs light energy at different wavelengths than chlorophyll a.
B) It is the primary pigment for light absorption.
C) It converts glucose to energy.
D) It helps in oxygen production.

Answer: A) It absorbs light energy at different wavelengths than chlorophyll a.

Explanation:
Chlorophyll b assists chlorophyll a by capturing light energy in different parts of the light spectrum, thereby broadening the range of light that can be used for photosynthesis.