Here below some basic MCQ’s about “The Living World” chapter with answer which is explained in details. Lets check one by one.
- Which of the following is the correct definition of biodiversity?
a) Variety of living organisms in a particular habitat
b) Only the number of species in a given area
c) Genetic variation within a species
d) Interaction between different species in an ecosystem
Answer: a) Variety of living organisms in a particular habitat
Explanation:
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms (organisms) found in a particular habitat or ecosystem. It includes species diversity, genetic diversity, and ecosystem diversity. Options b and c are incomplete definitions, and option d focuses on interactions rather than diversity.
- Which of the following is not a taxonomic category?
a) Species
b) Genus
c) Kingdom
d) Family
Answer: c) Kingdom
Explanation:
While “Kingdom” is indeed a taxonomic rank, it is one of the highest categories. However, the question asks which is “not” a taxonomic category in this context. Species, genus, and family are more closely related, lower-level ranks that are frequently discussed when identifying organisms.
- Who is regarded as the father of modern taxonomy?
a) Charles Darwin
b) Gregor Mendel
c) Carl Linnaeus
d) Aristotle
Answer: c) Carl Linnaeus
Explanation:
Carl Linnaeus is considered the father of modern taxonomy because he developed a system for naming, ranking, and classifying organisms that is still in use today. His binomial nomenclature system (genus and species) is foundational for modern biological classification.
- The basic unit of classification in taxonomy is:
a) Family
b) Species
c) Class
d) Order
Answer: b) Species
Explanation:
A species is the most fundamental unit in the taxonomic hierarchy. It refers to a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. All other taxonomic categories (genus, family, order, etc.) are broader groupings of species.
- Which of the following is not a characteristic of living organisms?
a) Growth
b) Reproduction
c) Metabolism
d) Photosynthesis
Answer: d) Photosynthesis
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is a characteristic of specific organisms, mainly plants and some bacteria, but not all living organisms perform photosynthesis. On the other hand, growth, reproduction, and metabolism are universal features of all living organisms.
- Which term refers to the naming system that uses two terms to denote a species?
a) Polymorphism
b) Binomial nomenclature
c) Taxonomy
d) Cladistics
Answer: b) Binomial nomenclature
Explanation:
Binomial nomenclature is the system introduced by Carl Linnaeus, where each species is given a two-part name: the first part indicates the genus, and the second part indicates the species.
- The study of classification of organisms is called:
a) Morphology
b) Ecology
c) Taxonomy
d) Genetics
Answer: c) Taxonomy
Explanation:
Taxonomy is the branch of biology that deals with the identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms. It organizes living organisms into hierarchical categories based on their characteristics and evolutionary history.
- Which of the following is not true for a species?
a) They can interbreed
b) They can produce fertile offspring
c) Members are morphologically similar
d) Different species can freely interbreed
Answer: d) Different species can freely interbreed
Explanation:
By definition, species are groups of organisms that can interbreed with one another and produce fertile offspring. Interbreeding between different species is either rare or results in sterile offspring, like a mule (offspring of a horse and donkey).
- Which of the following tools are used to identify and classify organisms?
a) Keys
b) Thermometers
c) Microscopes
d) Anemometers
Answer: a) Keys
Explanation:
Taxonomic keys are tools used to identify organisms based on their characteristics. They help in distinguishing between closely related species by providing a series of choices based on observable traits.
- Which of the following is a property exclusive to living organisms?
a) Ability to respond to stimuli
b) Ability to grow in size
c) Ability to reproduce
d) Metabolism
Answer: d) Metabolism
Explanation:
Metabolism is the sum of all biochemical reactions occurring in a living organism, which is an exclusive characteristic of living entities. Non-living things can sometimes mimic growth or response (e.g., crystals growing), but metabolism is found only in living organisms.
- Which of the following is NOT a feature of all living organisms?
a) Homeostasis
b) Reproduction
c) Response to stimuli
d) Photosynthesis
Answer: d) Photosynthesis
Explanation:
While many organisms, especially plants, perform photosynthesis, not all living organisms exhibit this feature. Homeostasis, reproduction, and response to stimuli are universal characteristics of living beings.
- The branch of biology that deals with the identification, naming, and classification of organisms is:
a) Ecology
b) Genetics
c) Taxonomy
d) Morphology
Answer: c) Taxonomy
Explanation:
Taxonomy is concerned with classifying organisms into categories like species, genus, and family based on shared characteristics. It involves identification and naming using binomial nomenclature.
- Linnaeus is known for which of the following contributions?
a) Evolutionary theory
b) Law of inheritance
c) Binomial nomenclature
d) Theory of natural selection
Answer: c) Binomial nomenclature
Explanation:
Carl Linnaeus introduced the binomial nomenclature system, which gives each species a unique two-part name consisting of the genus and species.
- Which of the following criteria is not used for the classification of organisms?
a) Habitat
b) Morphology
c) Genetic makeup
d) Evolutionary relationships
Answer: a) Habitat
Explanation:
Classification in taxonomy is primarily based on morphology, genetics, and evolutionary history, not habitat. Habitat may vary even within a species.
- Which of the following statements is incorrect about species?
a) They are the basic units of classification
b) Members of a species can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
c) Species are groups of organisms with similar traits
d) All species have the same genetic makeup
Answer: d) All species have the same genetic makeup
Explanation:
While species members are genetically similar, they do not have identical genetic makeup. There is variation within species that is the basis of evolution.
- The primary basis of biological classification is:
a) Color and size of organisms
b) Ability to fly or swim
c) Evolutionary relationships
d) Habitat
Answer: c) Evolutionary relationships
Explanation:
Modern taxonomy is based on evolutionary relationships, which help group organisms that share a common ancestor.
- Which term refers to the process by which living organisms maintain a stable internal environment?
a) Growth
b) Homeostasis
c) Evolution
d) Reproduction
Answer: b) Homeostasis
Explanation:
Homeostasis is the ability of organisms to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes, such as temperature or pH levels.
- Binomial nomenclature means:
a) Two names for one organism
b) Use of common names and scientific names
c) Describing species based on habitat
d) Naming organisms in Latin and Greek
Answer: a) Two names for one organism
Explanation:
In binomial nomenclature, each species is given two names: the genus name and the species name, like Homo sapiens for humans.
- Which of the following is the smallest taxonomic group?
a) Genus
b) Species
c) Family
d) Order
Answer: b) Species
Explanation:
Species is the smallest taxonomic group in the hierarchy. It represents a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
- Which of the following is an example of a taxon?
a) Eukaryotic cells
b) Primates
c) Habitat
d) Mitochondria
Answer: b) Primates
Explanation:
A taxon is a group of organisms classified at any rank, such as species, genus, or order. Primates is an order that includes humans, apes, and monkeys.
- The scientific name of an organism consists of:
a) Family and species
b) Genus and species
c) Class and genus
d) Phylum and species
Answer: b) Genus and species
Explanation:
According to the binomial nomenclature system, an organism’s scientific name is made up of its genus and species, such as Panthera tigris for the tiger.
- Which of the following is an example of a prokaryote?
a) Fungi
b) Protozoa
c) Bacteria
d) Algae
Answer: c) Bacteria
Explanation:
Prokaryotes are organisms without a nucleus. Bacteria are an example, while fungi, protozoa, and algae are eukaryotes.
- Which of the following levels of classification has the greatest number of species?
a) Genus
b) Family
c) Order
d) Kingdom
Answer: d) Kingdom
Explanation:
Kingdom is the highest taxonomic rank and includes the most species. It is a broad category that groups together many different organisms.
- Which of the following is true for viruses?
a) They are considered living organisms
b) They contain both DNA and RNA
c) They are non-living outside a host but living inside
d) They can replicate independently of a host cell
Answer: c) They are non-living outside a host but living inside
Explanation:
Viruses are considered non-living entities outside a host as they cannot replicate on their own. Inside a host, they exhibit some characteristics of living organisms.
- Which of the following is an example of a multicellular organism?
a) Bacteria
b) Amoeba
c) Fungi
d) Algae
Answer: c) Fungi
Explanation:
Fungi like mushrooms are multicellular organisms. Bacteria and amoeba are unicellular.
- Living organisms can be distinguished from non-living things based on which of the following?
a) Growth from inside
b) Sensitivity
c) Ability to reproduce
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation:
Living organisms show growth from within, are sensitive to stimuli, and have the ability to reproduce. These features distinguish them from non-living things.
- A group of interbreeding individuals that are reproductively isolated from other such groups is called a:
a) Family
b) Genus
c) Species
d) Population
Answer: c) Species
Explanation:
A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. They are reproductively isolated from other groups.
- Which taxonomic rank comes after class?
a) Phylum
b) Order
c) Family
d) Genus
Answer: b) Order
Explanation:
The hierarchy of classification goes from class to order, then family, genus, and species.
- Which of the following is a feature of prokaryotic cells but not eukaryotic cells?
a) Presence of a nucleus
b) Circular DNA without histones
c) Membrane-bound organelles
d) Large size
Answer: b) Circular DNA without histones
Explanation:
Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, contain circular DNA that is not wrapped around histones. They lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
- Which of the following kingdoms includes unicellular organisms with a nucleus?
a) Monera
b) Protista
c) Fungi
d) Plantae
Answer: b) Protista
Explanation:
Protists are unicellular eukaryotes, meaning they have a nucleus. The kingdom Monera consists of prokaryotes, while Fungi and Plantae are primarily multicellular.
- Which of the following is the correct hierarchy in taxonomy?
a) Kingdom > Class > Order > Phylum > Family
b) Kingdom > Phylum > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species
c) Phylum > Class > Kingdom > Family > Genus
d) Class > Phylum > Kingdom > Family > Genus
Answer: b) Kingdom > Phylum > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species
Explanation:
The correct taxonomic hierarchy follows this sequence: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.
- Which of the following kingdoms includes only prokaryotic organisms?
a) Monera
b) Protista
c) Fungi
d) Plantae
Answer: a) Monera
Explanation:
Kingdom Monera includes all prokaryotic organisms, such as bacteria, which lack a defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
- A scientist observing cells under a microscope notices the absence of a well-defined nucleus. The cells most likely belong to which kingdom?
a) Fungi
b) Plantae
c) Animalia
d) Monera
Answer: d) Monera
Explanation:
Cells without a well-defined nucleus are characteristic of prokaryotes, which belong to the kingdom Monera. Examples include bacteria.
- In binomial nomenclature, the first part of the name represents the:
a) Family
b) Species
c) Order
d) Genus
Answer: d) Genus
Explanation:
In binomial nomenclature, the first part of the name refers to the genus, and the second part refers to the species. For example, in Homo sapiens, Homo is the genus.
- Which of the following kingdoms includes both autotrophs and heterotrophs?
a) Plantae
b) Animalia
c) Monera
d) Fungi
Answer: c) Monera
Explanation:
The kingdom Monera includes both autotrophs (organisms that produce their own food, like cyanobacteria) and heterotrophs (organisms that depend on others for food, like some bacteria).
- The term “species” refers to a group of organisms that:
a) Can live in the same habitat
b) Can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
c) Have the same physical appearance
d) Have the same genetic makeup
Answer: b) Can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Explanation:
A species is defined as a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. It is the fundamental unit of biological classification.
- Which of the following is NOT a feature of fungi?
a) Multicellular
b) Autotrophic
c) Heterotrophic
d) Presence of cell walls made of chitin
Answer: b) Autotrophic
Explanation:
Fungi are heterotrophic organisms, meaning they obtain their nutrients by absorbing organic matter. They are not autotrophic (do not produce their own food).
- Which one of the following is a correct definition of growth in living organisms?
a) An increase in size due to accumulation of materials
b) A reversible change in body form
c) Increase in number of individuals
d) Permanent and irreversible increase in the size and mass of an organism
Answer: d) Permanent and irreversible increase in the size and mass of an organism
Explanation:
Growth in living organisms is defined as a permanent and irreversible increase in size and mass, often due to cell division and enlargement.
- In the five-kingdom system of classification, which kingdom consists of organisms that are unicellular and eukaryotic?
a) Protista
b) Monera
c) Fungi
d) Animalia
Answer: a) Protista
Explanation:
Kingdom Protista includes unicellular eukaryotes, such as amoeba and algae. Monera consists of unicellular prokaryotes, while Fungi and Animalia are multicellular.
- Which of the following characteristics is NOT applicable to all living organisms?
a) Reproduction
b) Metabolism
c) Response to stimuli
d) Photosynthesis
Answer: d) Photosynthesis
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is a process specific to autotrophic organisms like plants and some bacteria. It is not a universal characteristic of all living organisms.
- Which of the following is a characteristic feature of eukaryotic cells?
a) Absence of membrane-bound organelles
b) Circular DNA
c) Presence of a well-defined nucleus
d) Unicellular only
Answer: c) Presence of a well-defined nucleus
Explanation:
Eukaryotic cells are characterized by the presence of a true nucleus enclosed by a nuclear membrane, as well as membrane-bound organelles.
- The correct sequence of taxonomic categories in descending order is:
a) Phylum > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species
b) Class > Order > Phylum > Family > Genus > Species
c) Kingdom > Phylum > Class > Genus > Family > Species
d) Genus > Species > Family > Order > Class
Answer: a) Phylum > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species
Explanation:
The correct order in taxonomy from broadest to most specific is: Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.
- Organisms that can survive only in the presence of oxygen are called:
a) Anaerobes
b) Aerobes
c) Facultative anaerobes
d) Microaerophiles
Answer: b) Aerobes
Explanation:
Aerobes are organisms that require oxygen for survival and metabolic processes. Anaerobes, in contrast, do not require oxygen.
- In which of the following kingdoms would you classify an organism that is multicellular, eukaryotic, and autotrophic?
a) Monera
b) Fungi
c) Plantae
d) Protista
Answer: c) Plantae
Explanation:
Kingdom Plantae includes multicellular, eukaryotic, and autotrophic organisms that can produce their own food through photosynthesis.
- Which one of the following kingdoms includes organisms that are both heterotrophic and have a cell wall?
a) Plantae
b) Protista
c) Fungi
d) Animalia
Answer: c) Fungi
Explanation:
Fungi are heterotrophic organisms that absorb nutrients from their environment. They have a cell wall made of chitin.
- Which of the following organisms can be found in the kingdom Protista?
a) Yeast
b) Amoeba
c) Mosses
d) Earthworm
Answer: b) Amoeba
Explanation:
Amoeba is a unicellular eukaryote, classified under the kingdom Protista. It uses pseudopodia for movement and feeding.
- Which of the following is an incorrect pair of kingdom and characteristic?
a) Monera – Prokaryotic organisms
b) Protista – Unicellular eukaryotic organisms
c) Fungi – Heterotrophic organisms with cell walls made of chitin
d) Plantae – Heterotrophic organisms
Answer: d) Plantae – Heterotrophic organisms
Explanation:
Kingdom Plantae consists of autotrophic organisms (they make their own food via photosynthesis), not heterotrophs.
- Which of the following is an example of a colonial protist?
a) Amoeba
b) Paramecium
c) Volvox
d) Plasmodium
Answer: c) Volvox
Explanation:
Volvox is an example of a colonial protist, where many individual cells come together to form a spherical colony.
- Which of the following organisms is incorrectly matched with its respective kingdom?
a) Bacteria – Monera
b) Amoeba – Protista
c) Mushroom – Plantae
d) Yeast – Fungi
Answer: c) Mushroom – Plantae
Explanation:
Mushrooms belong to the kingdom Fungi, not Plantae. They are heterotrophic and do not perform photosynthesis.
- Which of the following is an example of a eukaryotic organism that is autotrophic?
a) Paramecium
b) Yeast
c) Algae
d) Amoeba
Answer: c) Algae
Explanation:
Algae are eukaryotic and autotrophic organisms capable of photosynthesis. They belong to the kingdom Protista.
- Which of the following structures are found in all living cells?
a) Mitochondria
b) Cell wall
c) Ribosomes
d) Chloroplasts
Answer: c) Ribosomes
Explanation:
Ribosomes are present in all cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, as they are essential for protein synthesis. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are found only in eukaryotes, and cell walls are found in plants, fungi, and some prokaryotes.
- Which scientist is credited with the introduction of the five-kingdom classification system?
a) Linnaeus
b) Darwin
c) Whittaker
d) Mendel
Answer: c) Whittaker
Explanation:
R.H. Whittaker proposed the five-kingdom classification system, dividing organisms into Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
- Which of the following criteria is used in modern taxonomy for the classification of organisms?
a) Structural similarities
b) Molecular and genetic data
c) Evolutionary relationships
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation:
Modern taxonomy uses structural similarities, molecular and genetic data, and evolutionary relationships to classify organisms more accurately.
- In the binomial nomenclature system, which part of the name is written in lowercase?
a) Genus
b) Species
c) Family
d) Order
Answer: b) Species
Explanation:
In binomial nomenclature, the genus name is capitalized, while the species name is written in lowercase, e.g., Homo sapiens.
- Which of the following statements is true for Monera?
a) All members have membrane-bound organelles
b) Members are unicellular and prokaryotic
c) All members are autotrophs
d) All members are multicellular
Answer: b) Members are unicellular and prokaryotic
Explanation:
Organisms in the kingdom Monera are unicellular and prokaryotic, meaning they lack membrane-bound organelles and a true nucleus.
- Organisms that live in extreme environmental conditions are called:
a) Extremophiles
b) Mesophiles
c) Aerophiles
d) Halophiles
Answer: a) Extremophiles
Explanation:
Extremophiles are organisms that thrive in extreme conditions, such as very high or low temperatures, acidic environments, or high salt concentrations.
- Which of the following is an incorrect match between a group of organisms and their kingdom?
a) Mosses – Plantae
b) Bacteria – Monera
c) Amoeba – Protista
d) Yeast – Animalia
Answer: d) Yeast – Animalia
Explanation:
Yeast belongs to the kingdom Fungi, not Animalia. It is a unicellular fungus.
- Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms?
a) Metabolism
b) Growth
c) Adaptation to environment
d) Permanent cessation of vital functions
Answer: d) Permanent cessation of vital functions
Explanation:
Permanent cessation of vital functions, such as metabolism, indicates death, which is not a characteristic of living organisms.
- Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
a) Homo sapiens – Family
b) Felis domestica – Genus
c) Panthera leo – Order
d) Musca domestica – Class
Answer: b) Felis domestica – Genus
Explanation:
Felis domestica (the domestic cat) belongs to the genus Felis. The other matches refer to incorrect taxonomic levels.
- Which of the following taxonomic categories ranks higher than family?
a) Genus
b) Species
c) Order
d) Class
Answer: c) Order
Explanation:
In the taxonomic hierarchy, order ranks higher than family, and family ranks higher than genus and species.
- The term “binomial nomenclature” was introduced by:
a) Charles Darwin
b) Aristotle
c) Carl Linnaeus
d) Ernst Mayr
Answer: c) Carl Linnaeus
Explanation:
Carl Linnaeus introduced the binomial nomenclature system, giving every species a two-part scientific name (genus and species).
- Which of the following is an example of a eukaryotic autotrophic organism?
a) Fungi
b) Bacteria
c) Plants
d) Protozoa
Answer: c) Plants
Explanation:
Plants are eukaryotic autotrophs, meaning they have a true nucleus and perform photosynthesis to produce their own food.
- All living organisms share which of the following characteristics?
a) They produce their own food
b) They exhibit metabolism
c) They can move
d) They live in groups
Answer: b) They exhibit metabolism
Explanation:
All living organisms exhibit metabolism, which includes all the chemical processes that occur within their cells to maintain life.
- Which of the following is NOT a taxonomic category?
a) Family
b) Class
c) Species
d) Population
Answer: d) Population
Explanation:
Population refers to a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area. It is not a taxonomic category, unlike family, class, and species.
- The science of naming, classifying, and describing organisms is called:
a) Ecology
b) Taxonomy
c) Genetics
d) Cytology
Answer: b) Taxonomy
Explanation:
Taxonomy is the branch of science that deals with the classification, description, and naming of organisms.
- In which of the following kingdoms do organisms lack a true nucleus?
a) Protista
b) Monera
c) Fungi
d) Animalia
Answer: b) Monera
Explanation:
The kingdom Monera consists of prokaryotic organisms, such as bacteria, which lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
- Which of the following is the smallest unit of classification?
a) Species
b) Genus
c) Family
d) Order
Answer: a) Species
Explanation:
Species is the smallest and most specific unit of classification, defined as a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
- Which of the following is NOT true for viruses?
a) They are acellular
b) They cannot reproduce outside a host cell
c) They have both RNA and DNA
d) They can infect plants, animals, and bacteria
Answer: c) They have both RNA and DNA
Explanation:
Viruses contain either RNA or DNA, but never both at the same time. They are obligate parasites and require a host cell for replication.
- Which of the following is the largest and most inclusive taxonomic category?
a) Species
b) Class
c) Kingdom
d) Phylum
Answer: c) Kingdom
Explanation:
Kingdom is the broadest taxonomic category, encompassing the most diverse groups of organisms, such as animals, plants, fungi, protists, and monerans.
- Which one of the following criteria is NOT used for modern biological classification?
a) Evolutionary relationships
b) Anatomical similarities
c) Habitat
d) Molecular data
Answer: c) Habitat
Explanation:
Modern biological classification is based on evolutionary relationships, anatomical similarities, and molecular data, rather than habitat.
- The correct sequence of taxonomic categories from lowest to highest rank is:
a) Kingdom > Phylum > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species
b) Species > Genus > Family > Order > Class > Phylum > Kingdom
c) Genus > Species > Order > Family > Class > Phylum > Kingdom
d) Family > Genus > Order > Class > Phylum > Species
Answer: b) Species > Genus > Family > Order > Class > Phylum > Kingdom
Explanation:
The correct sequence in ascending order of hierarchy is: Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, and Kingdom.
- A group of organisms that belong to the same species and live in the same area is called a:
a) Family
b) Population
c) Genus
d) Ecosystem
Answer: b) Population
Explanation:
A population is a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same geographic area and can interbreed.
- Which of the following is a feature of the five-kingdom system of classification?
a) Separate kingdom for prokaryotic organisms
b) All unicellular organisms placed in one kingdom
c) Viruses included as a separate kingdom
d) All multicellular organisms placed in one kingdom
Answer: a) Separate kingdom for prokaryotic organisms
Explanation:
In the five-kingdom system, prokaryotes are placed in the kingdom Monera, distinguishing them from eukaryotic organisms.
- Which of the following organisms is NOT placed in the kingdom Protista?
a) Amoeba
b) Paramecium
c) Algae
d) Fungi
Answer: d) Fungi
Explanation:
Fungi belong to their own kingdom (Fungi), while organisms like Amoeba, Paramecium, and algae are classified under Protista.
- Which one of the following characteristics is common to all living organisms?
a) Reproduction
b) Cellular organization
c) Ability to photosynthesize
d) Growth by external accretion
Answer: b) Cellular organization
Explanation:
All living organisms have cellular organization, either as unicellular or multicellular structures. Not all organisms reproduce, photosynthesize, or grow by accretion.
- Which of the following taxonomic categories includes organisms with the most similarities?
a) Class
b) Family
c) Species
d) Phylum
Answer: c) Species
Explanation:
Species is the most specific taxonomic category and includes organisms that are most similar to each other and can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
- In the scientific name Panthera leo, the word leo refers to:
a) Order
b) Genus
c) Species
d) Family
Answer: c) Species
Explanation:
In the binomial nomenclature system, the second word (leo in Panthera leo) represents the species name.
- Which of the following is an incorrect match?
a) Bacteria – Prokaryotic
b) Amoeba – Eukaryotic
c) Yeast – Multicellular
d) Algae – Eukaryotic
Answer: c) Yeast – Multicellular
Explanation:
Yeast is a unicellular organism, not multicellular. It belongs to the kingdom Fungi.
- Which of the following are considered living organisms but do not exhibit all characteristics of life?
a) Fungi
b) Bacteria
c) Viruses
d) Protozoa
Answer: c) Viruses
Explanation:
Viruses are considered to be at the borderline of living and non-living. They cannot reproduce or perform metabolic activities without a host.
- Which of the following kingdoms includes autotrophic and multicellular organisms?
a) Animalia
b) Fungi
c) Plantae
d) Monera
Answer: c) Plantae
Explanation:
Kingdom Plantae consists of multicellular, autotrophic organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis.
- Which of the following is an autotrophic prokaryote?
a) Amoeba
b) Cyanobacteria
c) Fungi
d) Algae
Answer: b) Cyanobacteria
Explanation:
Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, are prokaryotic organisms that perform photosynthesis and are autotrophic.
- The study of interactions between organisms and their environment is called:
a) Taxonomy
b) Ecology
c) Genetics
d) Cytology
Answer: b) Ecology
Explanation:
Ecology is the branch of biology that studies the relationships between organisms and their environment, including both living and non-living components.
- The kingdom Fungi is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:
a) Heterotrophic nutrition
b) Presence of a cell wall made of chitin
c) Multicellular organisms only
d) Reproduction by spores
Answer: c) Multicellular organisms only
Explanation:
Fungi can be both multicellular (e.g., mushrooms) and unicellular (e.g., yeast), but they are heterotrophic and reproduce via spores.
- Which of the following kingdoms includes organisms with a true nucleus but lacks multicellular forms?
a) Plantae
b) Protista
c) Animalia
d) Monera
Answer: b) Protista
Explanation:
The kingdom Protista includes unicellular eukaryotic organisms, meaning they have a true nucleus, but they do not form multicellular structures.
- Which of the following is a feature of prokaryotic cells?
a) Presence of membrane-bound organelles
b) DNA present in a well-defined nucleus
c) Absence of a true nucleus
d) Multicellularity
Answer: c) Absence of a true nucleus
Explanation:
Prokaryotic cells, such as those found in bacteria, lack a well-defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Their DNA is located in a region called the nucleoid.
- Which of the following is an example of a multicellular organism that belongs to the kingdom Protista?
a) Paramecium
b) Volvox
c) Fungi
d) Amoeba
Answer: b) Volvox
Explanation:
Volvox is a colonial protist, meaning it is a group of individual cells that function together, giving it a multicellular appearance.
- Which of the following is a correct match of kingdom and characteristic?
a) Monera – Eukaryotic
b) Protista – Prokaryotic
c) Fungi – Heterotrophic
d) Animalia – Autotrophic
Answer: c) Fungi – Heterotrophic
Explanation:
Fungi are heterotrophic organisms that obtain their nutrition by absorbing organic matter. The other matches are incorrect.
- Which of the following criteria is used for grouping organisms into kingdoms in the five-kingdom classification?
a) Mode of nutrition
b) Complexity of body organization
c) Cellular structure (prokaryotic or eukaryotic)
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation:
The five-kingdom classification system groups organisms based on their mode of nutrition, complexity of body organization, and cellular structure (prokaryotic or eukaryotic).
- The term “species” is best defined as a group of organisms that:
a) Are physically similar
b) Are genetically identical
c) Can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
d) Live in the same habitat
Answer: c) Can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Explanation:
A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. This is the most widely accepted definition in biology.
- Which of the following is true for all organisms in kingdom Animalia?
a) They are autotrophic
b) They have a cell wall
c) They are multicellular
d) They can photosynthesize
Answer: c) They are multicellular
Explanation:
All organisms in the kingdom Animalia are multicellular and heterotrophic, meaning they must obtain their food from other organisms.
- In which kingdom would you classify an organism that is unicellular and lacks a true nucleus?
a) Protista
b) Fungi
c) Animalia
d) Monera
Answer: d) Monera
Explanation:
Organisms in the kingdom Monera are unicellular and prokaryotic, meaning they lack a true nucleus.
- Which of the following kingdoms includes organisms that are both autotrophic and heterotrophic?
a) Animalia
b) Protista
c) Plantae
d) Fungi
Answer: b) Protista
Explanation:
The kingdom Protista includes organisms that can be autotrophic (such as algae) or heterotrophic (such as protozoa).
- Which of the following characteristics is unique to prokaryotes?
a) Lack of cell wall
b) Presence of a true nucleus
c) Circular DNA without histones
d) Multicellular forms
Answer: c) Circular DNA without histones
Explanation:
Prokaryotes have circular DNA that is not associated with histone proteins, unlike eukaryotes, which have linear DNA associated with histones.
- Which of the following is the smallest and simplest taxonomic rank?
a) Genus
b) Species
c) Family
d) Order
Answer: b) Species
Explanation:
Species is the smallest and most specific taxonomic rank, representing a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
- In which kingdom would you classify multicellular, heterotrophic organisms that lack cell walls?
a) Plantae
b) Protista
c) Fungi
d) Animalia
Answer: d) Animalia
Explanation:
Organisms in the kingdom Animalia are multicellular, heterotrophic, and lack cell walls, distinguishing them from plants and fungi.
- Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms?
a) Growth and development
b) Reproduction
c) Ability to respond to stimuli
d) Ability to survive without energy
Answer: d) Ability to survive without energy
Explanation:
All living organisms require energy to survive and carry out biological processes. This is a fundamental characteristic of life.
- In which of the following is the cell wall absent?
a) Plant cells
b) Bacterial cells
c) Fungal cells
d) Animal cells
Answer: d) Animal cells
Explanation:
Animal cells lack a cell wall, whereas plant, bacterial, and fungal cells possess cell walls.
- Which taxonomic category ranks directly above the genus level?
a) Species
b) Family
c) Class
d) Order
Answer: b) Family
Explanation:
The taxonomic hierarchy places family above genus and below order.
- The binomial name of an organism consists of:
a) Genus and species
b) Family and species
c) Class and genus
d) Order and species
Answer: a) Genus and species
Explanation:
In binomial nomenclature, an organism’s scientific name is composed of its genus and species, e.g., Homo sapiens.
- Which of the following is a prokaryote?
a) Algae
b) Fungi
c) Cyanobacteria
d) Protozoa
Answer: c) Cyanobacteria
Explanation:
Cyanobacteria are prokaryotic organisms (commonly known as blue-green algae), meaning they lack a true nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
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