- Which of the following cells are involved in the immune response and are present in connective tissue?
a) Chondrocytes
b) Mast cells
c) Fibroblasts
d) Adipocytes
Answer: b) Mast cells
Explanation: Mast cells are involved in the immune response and are found in connective tissue. They release histamine during allergic reactions and help in the defense against pathogens.
- The matrix of blood is called:
a) Plasma
b) Hemoglobin
c) Serum
d) Lymph
Answer: a) Plasma
Explanation: Plasma is the liquid component of blood, making up about 55% of its total volume. It contains water, proteins, electrolytes, and other substances essential for various body functions.
- The fibrous protein that provides elasticity to connective tissues is:
a) Keratin
b) Collagen
c) Elastin
d) Actin
Answer: c) Elastin
Explanation: Elastin is a fibrous protein that provides elasticity to tissues such as the skin, lungs, and blood vessels, allowing them to return to their original shape after being stretched.
- The intercellular junctions that allow direct communication between adjacent animal cells are known as:
a) Tight junctions
b) Desmosomes
c) Gap junctions
d) Adherens junctions
Answer: c) Gap junctions
Explanation: Gap junctions are specialized intercellular junctions that allow for direct communication between adjacent cells by permitting the passage of ions and small molecules.
- The cells responsible for secreting the extracellular matrix in cartilage are called:
a) Osteoblasts
b) Fibroblasts
c) Chondrocytes
d) Mast cells
Answer: c) Chondrocytes
Explanation: Chondrocytes are the cells found in cartilage that produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix, which consists of collagen and proteoglycans.
- Which of the following types of muscle tissue is NOT under voluntary control?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Cardiac muscle
c) Smooth muscle
d) Both b and c
Answer: d) Both b and c
Explanation: Both cardiac and smooth muscles are involuntary. Cardiac muscle controls the heart’s beating, and smooth muscle controls movements in organs like the digestive system, without conscious effort.
- What type of connective tissue primarily forms ligaments and tendons?
a) Areolar tissue
b) Dense regular connective tissue
c) Reticular connective tissue
d) Dense irregular connective tissue
Answer: b) Dense regular connective tissue
Explanation: Dense regular connective tissue forms ligaments and tendons, where its collagen fibers are aligned parallel to provide high tensile strength along the direction of the fibers.
- Which connective tissue component provides support and shock absorption in joints?
a) Adipose tissue
b) Cartilage
c) Bone
d) Blood
Answer: b) Cartilage
Explanation: Cartilage, particularly hyaline cartilage, is found in joints, where it provides a smooth surface for movement and helps absorb shock during physical activities.
- Which of the following cells are known as the “clean-up” cells of connective tissue?
a) Fibroblasts
b) Macrophages
c) Mast cells
d) Adipocytes
Answer: b) Macrophages
Explanation: Macrophages are immune cells that engulf and digest cellular debris, foreign substances, and pathogens, playing a critical role in tissue repair and immunity.
- Which type of muscle fibers are striated and multinucleated?
a) Smooth muscle fibers
b) Cardiac muscle fibers
c) Skeletal muscle fibers
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Skeletal muscle fibers
Explanation: Skeletal muscle fibers are striated and multinucleated, making them unique among the three types of muscle tissues. They are involved in voluntary movements of the body.
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