- Which type of muscle tissue is involved in voluntary movement?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Both smooth and cardiac muscles
Answer: a) Skeletal muscle
Explanation: Skeletal muscle is responsible for voluntary movements, such as walking or lifting objects, and is controlled by the somatic nervous system.
- Which type of cell forms the myelin sheath around neurons in the peripheral nervous system?
a) Oligodendrocytes
b) Schwann cells
c) Astrocytes
d) Microglia
Answer: b) Schwann cells
Explanation: Schwann cells form the myelin sheath around neurons in the peripheral nervous system, which insulates the axons and increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission.
- Which tissue type is primarily responsible for absorption and secretion in the gastrointestinal tract?
a) Simple squamous epithelium
b) Simple columnar epithelium
c) Stratified squamous epithelium
d) Transitional epithelium
Answer: b) Simple columnar epithelium
Explanation: Simple columnar epithelium, which lines the gastrointestinal tract, is specialized for absorption and secretion, such as in the stomach and intestines.
- Which of the following structures are made up of fibrocartilage?
a) External ear
b) Epiglottis
c) Intervertebral discs
d) Trachea
Answer: c) Intervertebral discs
Explanation: Fibrocartilage is found in intervertebral discs, where it provides strength and the ability to withstand compression in the spine.
- The protein responsible for the contractile properties of muscle fibers is:
a) Myosin
b) Keratin
c) Elastin
d) Collagen
Answer: a) Myosin
Explanation: Myosin, along with actin, is a protein responsible for the contractile properties of muscle fibers, allowing muscles to contract and generate force.
- Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the lining of the trachea and bronchi, helping to trap and move particles out of the airways?
a) Simple squamous epithelium
b) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
c) Transitional epithelium
d) Simple cuboidal epithelium
Answer: b) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Explanation: Pseudostratified columnar epithelium, with cilia and goblet cells, lines the trachea and bronchi, trapping dust and moving mucus and particles out of the airways.
- Which component of connective tissue fills the spaces between cells and fibers and helps hold tissue fluids?
a) Collagen fibers
b) Reticular fibers
c) Ground substance
d) Elastic fibers
Answer: c) Ground substance
Explanation: Ground substance is a gel-like material in connective tissue that fills spaces between cells and fibers, holding tissue fluids and supporting the cells.
- Which of the following types of muscle is striated and involuntary?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Both skeletal and smooth muscle
Answer: c) Cardiac muscle
Explanation: Cardiac muscle is striated like skeletal muscle but differs in that it is involuntary, meaning it contracts automatically to pump blood through the heart.
- Which of the following connective tissue cells secretes histamine and heparin during inflammatory responses?
a) Macrophages
b) Mast cells
c) Fibroblasts
d) Osteoblasts
Answer: b) Mast cells
Explanation: Mast cells play a key role in the immune system by releasing histamine and heparin during allergic and inflammatory responses.
- Which of the following structures is primarily composed of hyaline cartilage?
a) Intervertebral discs
b) External ear
c) Articular surfaces of bones
d) Epiglottis
Answer: c) Articular surfaces of bones
Explanation: Hyaline cartilage is found on the articular surfaces of bones, where it provides smooth, frictionless movement at joints
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