- The practice of alternating different crops on the same land in sequential seasons to improve soil health and manage pest populations is called:
a) Monoculture
b) Crop rotation
c) Intercropping
d) Polyhouse farming
Answer: b) Crop rotation
Explanation:
Crop rotation is the practice of growing different types of crops in succession on the same land. This helps maintain soil fertility, reduces the buildup of pests and diseases, and improves overall farm productivity.
- The process of rearing silkworms for the production of silk is known as:
a) Sericulture
b) Apiculture
c) Pisciculture
d) Horticulture
Answer: a) Sericulture
Explanation:
Sericulture refers to the cultivation of silkworms for the production of silk. The silkworms are fed on mulberry leaves, and their cocoons are harvested to obtain silk fibers.
- The variety of rice with a high content of beta-carotene, developed to address Vitamin A deficiency, is called:
a) Basmati
b) IR-8
c) Golden Rice
d) Jasmine Rice
Answer: c) Golden Rice
Explanation:
Golden Rice is a genetically modified variety of rice that contains beta-carotene, a precursor of Vitamin A. It is designed to combat Vitamin A deficiency, particularly in populations where rice is a staple food.
- Which of the following microorganisms is used as a biofertilizer to fix atmospheric nitrogen in leguminous crops?
a) Rhizobium
b) Aspergillus
c) Saccharomyces
d) Lactobacillus
Answer: a) Rhizobium
Explanation:
Rhizobium is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium that forms symbiotic associations with leguminous plants. It helps convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form, enriching the soil and reducing the need for chemical fertilizers.
- A major aim of integrated pest management (IPM) is to:
a) Increase pesticide use
b) Eliminate all pests from the environment
c) Minimize environmental and health risks by reducing pesticide use
d) Focus solely on biological control methods
Answer: c) Minimize environmental and health risks by reducing pesticide use
Explanation:
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) focuses on using a combination of biological, cultural, mechanical, and chemical methods to manage pest populations in an environmentally sustainable manner. The goal is to reduce reliance on chemical pesticides.
- In plant breeding, the transfer of pollen from the anther of one plant to the stigma of a different plant is called:
a) Self-pollination
b) Cross-pollination
c) Asexual reproduction
d) Vegetative propagation
Answer: b) Cross-pollination
Explanation:
Cross-pollination occurs when pollen from the anther of one plant is transferred to the stigma of a different plant, promoting genetic diversity and the development of hybrid varieties.
- Which of the following is a common method for creating genetic variability in crops?
a) Cloning
b) Mutation breeding
c) Grafting
d) Micropropagation
Answer: b) Mutation breeding
Explanation:
Mutation breeding involves exposing plants to chemicals or radiation to induce mutations, creating genetic variability that breeders can use to develop new varieties with desirable traits, such as disease resistance or higher yields.
- Which of the following is an example of a bioherbicide?
a) Bacillus thuringiensis
b) Mycoherbicide
c) Glyphosate
d) Nematocides
Answer: b) Mycoherbicide
Explanation:
A bioherbicide is a biological agent used to control weeds. Mycoherbicides are fungi-based herbicides that specifically target certain weed species without harming crops or the environment.
- The plant breeding technique involving the selection of individuals with desirable traits to serve as parents for the next generation is called:
a) Hybridization
b) Artificial selection
c) Natural selection
d) Tissue culture
Answer: b) Artificial selection
Explanation:
Artificial selection, also known as selective breeding, involves selecting plants or animals with desirable traits to reproduce and pass those traits on to the next generation.
- In aquaculture, which of the following species is widely cultivated for the production of edible pearls?
a) Oyster
b) Crab
c) Trout
d) Lobster
Answer: a) Oyster
Explanation:
Oysters are cultivated in aquaculture for the production of edible pearls. Pearl farming is a significant industry that involves the controlled rearing of oysters to produce pearls of various sizes and qualities.
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