NEET 2025 MCQ with Answer Explanation : “Strategies for enhancement in food production”.

Here below some basic MCQ’s of Strategies for enhancement in food production with answer which is well explained. Let’s check one by one.

1. Which of the following is the primary aim of plant breeding?
   a) To increase the reproductive rate
   b) To produce varieties with high yields
   c) To reduce the water requirement of plants
   d) To increase the length of the flowering period

Answer: b) To produce varieties with high yields

Explanation:
The primary objective of plant breeding is to develop new crop varieties with improved traits, such as higher yields, better resistance to diseases, pests, and environmental stresses, along with enhanced nutritional quality.

2. In tissue culture, the term ‘totipotency’ refers to the ability of a:
   a) Seed to grow into a plant
   b) Plant cell to develop into a whole plant
   c) Root to absorb nutrients
   d) Leaf to perform photosynthesis

Answer: b) Plant cell to develop into a whole plant

Explanation:
Totipotency is the ability of a single plant cell to regenerate into a complete plant. This property is widely used in plant tissue culture to propagate plants in large numbers.

3. Biofortification refers to:
   a) Increasing the nutritional quality of food crops
   b) Making plants resistant to pests
   c) Increasing the shelf life of vegetables
   d) Improving the aesthetic quality of fruits

Answer: a) Increasing the nutritional quality of food crops

Explanation:
Biofortification is the process of breeding crops to increase their nutritional value. The goal is to enhance the levels of essential nutrients like vitamins, minerals, and proteins to improve human health.

4. Which of the following is NOT a method used for crop improvement?
   a) Mutation breeding
   b) Crossbreeding
   c) Apomixis
   d) Clonal selection

Answer: c) Apomixis

Explanation:
Apomixis is a form of asexual reproduction in plants that does not involve fertilization. It is not typically used for crop improvement. Mutation breeding, crossbreeding, and clonal selection, on the other hand, are important strategies for developing better crop varieties.

5. Which of the following is a hybrid variety of rice?
   a) IR-36
   b) Sonalika
   c) Sharbati Sonora
   d) Pusa Shree

Answer: a) IR-36

Explanation:
IR-36 is a high-yielding, semi-dwarf, and early maturing hybrid variety of rice developed by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). It is known for its resistance to pests and diseases.

6. A plant breeder uses a chemical mutagen like EMS to induce mutations in a plant. This process is known as:
   a) Hybridization
   b) Mutation breeding
   c) Genetic engineering
   d) Cloning

Answer: b) Mutation breeding

Explanation:
Mutation breeding involves the use of chemical or physical agents, like EMS (Ethyl Methanesulfonate), to induce genetic mutations, which can result in new traits that can be used for crop improvement.

7. The Green Revolution in India was largely successful because of the development of:
   a) Genetically modified crops
   b) High-yielding variety (HYV) seeds
   c) Organic farming techniques
   d) Increased rainfall

Answer: b) High-yielding variety (HYV) seeds

Explanation:
The Green Revolution in India was primarily driven by the development and widespread adoption of high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of crops, particularly wheat and rice, which significantly increased food production.

8. Which of the following microorganisms is used in the production of biofertilizers?
   a) Rhizobium
   b) Penicillium
   c) Lactobacillus
   d) Saccharomyces

Answer: a) Rhizobium

Explanation:
Rhizobium is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium that forms a symbiotic relationship with leguminous plants, helping them to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form, thus enhancing soil fertility.

9. Which hormone is often used in tissue culture to induce the formation of roots?
   a) Cytokinins
   b) Auxins
   c) Gibberellins
   d) Abscisic acid

Answer: b) Auxins

Explanation:
Auxins, particularly Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), are plant hormones that stimulate root formation in tissue culture. Cytokinins, on the other hand, promote shoot growth.

10. The “White Revolution” in India is associated with the increase in production of:
    a) Wheat
    b) Rice
    c) Milk
    d) Cotton

Answer: c) Milk

Explanation:
The White Revolution, initiated by Operation Flood, was aimed at increasing milk production in India. It made India the world’s largest producer of milk, thanks to the efforts of the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB).