NEET 2025 MCQ with Answer Explanation : “Reproductive Health”.

21. IVF involves which of the following steps?
    A. Implanting sperm into the fallopian tube
    B. Transferring an embryo into the uterus
    C. Fertilization within the fallopian tube
    D. Zygote implantation into the ovary

Answer: B. Transferring an embryo into the uterus

Explanation: In In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), eggs and sperm are combined in a laboratory setting to form an embryo, which is then transferred into the woman’s uterus. IVF is used when natural fertilization is difficult.

22. What is the purpose of using an intrauterine device (IUD)?
    A. To enhance fertility
    B. To prevent ovulation
    C. To prevent fertilization or implantation
    D. To prevent menstruation

Answer: C. To prevent fertilization or implantation

Explanation: An IUD (Intrauterine Device) works by preventing fertilization and possibly implantation. Copper IUDs release copper ions that are toxic to sperm, while hormonal IUDs thicken cervical mucus and thin the uterine lining, preventing implantation.

23. The hormone responsible for the “let-down reflex” or milk ejection during breastfeeding is:
    A. Prolactin
    B. Oxytocin
    C. Estrogen
    D. Progesterone

Answer: B. Oxytocin

Explanation: Oxytocin is responsible for the milk ejection or “let-down reflex” during breastfeeding. Prolactin stimulates milk production, but oxytocin causes the smooth muscles of the mammary glands to contract, pushing milk into the ducts.

24. Which of the following contraceptive methods can be used as emergency contraception?
    A. Oral contraceptive pills
    B. Condoms
    C. Intrauterine device (IUD)
    D. Tubectomy

Answer: C. Intrauterine device (IUD)

Explanation: An IUD, specifically a copper IUD, can be used as emergency contraception if inserted within 5 days of unprotected intercourse. It prevents fertilization and may also inhibit implantation. Oral contraceptive pills, when used as emergency contraception, are different from regular birth control pills.

25. Which of the following is the causative agent of Gonorrhea?
    A. Treponema pallidum
    B. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
    C. Human Papillomavirus
    D. Herpes Simplex Virus

Answer: B. Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Explanation: Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the bacterium responsible for gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted infection that affects mucous membranes of the reproductive tract. Treponema pallidum causes syphilis, and the others are viruses causing genital warts and herpes, respectively.

26. Which contraceptive method works by preventing the fertilized egg from implanting in the uterine wall?
    A. Diaphragm
    B. Copper IUD
    C. Oral contraceptive pills
    D. Male condoms

Answer: B. Copper IUD

Explanation: The Copper IUD works by releasing copper ions that impair sperm motility and also alter the uterine lining, making it inhospitable for a fertilized egg, thus preventing implantation. Condoms and diaphragms prevent sperm from reaching the egg, and oral contraceptive pills prevent ovulation.

27. Which of the following methods is a permanent sterilization procedure for males?
    A. Tubectomy
    B. Vasectomy
    C. IUD
    D. Contraceptive implant

Answer: B. Vasectomy

Explanation: Vasectomy is a permanent sterilization procedure for males in which the vas deferens, the tubes carrying sperm from the testicles, are cut and sealed, preventing sperm from being released during ejaculation. Tubectomy is the equivalent procedure for females.

28. Which hormone is tested to determine ovulation in women using home ovulation kits?
    A. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
    B. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
    C. Estrogen
    D. Progesterone

Answer: B. Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Explanation: Home ovulation kits detect the LH surge that occurs just before ovulation. LH levels increase sharply about 24 to 36 hours before ovulation, making it a reliable indicator of a woman’s most fertile period.

29. In which of the following situations is a zygote transferred into the fallopian tube?
    A. ZIFT
    B. GIFT
    C. IVF
    D. ICSI

Answer: A. ZIFT

Explanation: In Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer (ZIFT), the zygote (fertilized egg) is transferred into the fallopian tube, allowing it to travel down and implant naturally. In contrast, GIFT transfers gametes (sperm and eggs) into the fallopian tube, and IVF transfers the embryo into the uterus.

30. Which of the following is a major benefit of breastfeeding for newborns?
    A. Increases the risk of infections
    B. Improves maternal fertility
    C. Provides antibodies to the infant
    D. Delays the closure of the fontanelles

Answer: C. Provides antibodies to the infant

Explanation: Breastfeeding provides essential antibodies (especially IgA) to the newborn, helping to protect the infant from infections and boosting its immune system. Breast milk also contains essential nutrients that support the baby’s growth and development.

31. Which part of the female reproductive system is surgically cut during a tubectomy?
    A. Ovaries
    B. Uterus
    C. Fallopian tubes
    D. Cervix

Answer: C. Fallopian tubes

Explanation: Tubectomy is a surgical procedure in which the fallopian tubes are cut and sealed to prevent eggs from reaching the uterus for fertilization. This method provides permanent contraception for women.

32. Which of the following sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can be prevented by vaccination?
    A. HIV
    B. Syphilis
    C. Genital herpes
    D. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Answer: D. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Explanation: Vaccination is available for Human Papillomavirus (HPV), which can prevent certain strains of the virus that cause genital warts and cervical cancer. There is no vaccine for HIV, syphilis, or genital herpes yet.

33. The phase of the menstrual cycle during which the endometrium is shed is called:
    A. Follicular phase
    B. Ovulatory phase
    C. Luteal phase
    D. Menstrual phase

Answer: D. Menstrual phase

Explanation: The menstrual phase is when the endometrial lining of the uterus is shed through menstruation, marking the beginning of the menstrual cycle. The follicular phase follows, leading to ovulation, and then the luteal phase prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy.

34. What is the purpose of using spermicides with barrier contraceptives?
    A. To improve sperm mobility
    B. To nourish sperm
    C. To kill or immobilize sperm
    D. To increase sperm production

Answer: C. To kill or immobilize sperm

Explanation: Spermicides are chemical agents that kill or immobilize sperm, providing an additional layer of protection when used with barrier methods like condoms or diaphragms. This reduces the chances of sperm reaching and fertilizing an egg.

35. What does the acronym ART stand for in the context of reproductive health?
    A. Assisted Reproductive Therapy
    B. Artificial Reproductive Techniques
    C. Assisted Reproductive Technology
    D. Advanced Reproductive Treatments

Answer: C. Assisted Reproductive Technology

Explanation: Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) refers to various medical techniques used to achieve pregnancy, such as IVF (In Vitro Fertilization), GIFT (Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer), and ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection). These methods assist couples facing infertility issues.

36. Which method of contraception works by preventing the release of eggs from the ovaries?
    A. Diaphragm
    B. Oral contraceptive pills
    C. Copper IUD
    D. Male condom

Answer: B. Oral contraceptive pills

Explanation: Oral contraceptive pills contain hormones (usually estrogen and progestin) that prevent ovulation, meaning eggs are not released from the ovaries. Diaphragms and condoms are barrier methods, and copper IUDs work by affecting sperm motility and egg implantation.

37. What is the role of prolactin during lactation?
    A. Stimulates ovulation
    B. Initiates uterine contractions
    C. Stimulates milk production
    D. Prevents menstruation

Answer: C. Stimulates milk production

Explanation: Prolactin is a hormone that stimulates the production of milk in the mammary glands after childbirth. Oxytocin, not prolactin, is responsible for the ejection of milk. Prolactin also helps delay the return of menstruation during breastfeeding, but its primary role is milk production.

38. Which of the following is a viral sexually transmitted infection (STI)?
    A. Gonorrhea
    B. Syphilis
    C. Trichomoniasis
    D. Genital herpes

Answer: D. Genital herpes

Explanation: Genital herpes is caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), making it a viral sexually transmitted infection. Gonorrhea and syphilis are bacterial infections, while trichomoniasis is caused by a protozoan parasite.

39. Which of the following procedures is used to correct blocked fallopian tubes?
    A. Tubectomy
    B. Hysterectomy
    C. Laparoscopic surgery
    D. Vasectomy

Answer: C. Laparoscopic surgery

Explanation: Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to correct blocked fallopian tubes, allowing women with this condition to potentially conceive. Tubectomy is a permanent sterilization procedure, and vasectomy is the equivalent for males.

40. Which hormone helps prevent uterine contractions during pregnancy?
    A. Estrogen
    B. Prolactin
    C. Oxytocin
    D. Progesterone

Answer: D. Progesterone

Explanation: Progesterone plays a crucial role in maintaining pregnancy by preventing uterine contractions, which could cause premature expulsion of the embryo or fetus. It also helps maintain the endometrial lining, supporting a stable environment for the developing fetus.