- Which of the following is an example of a commensal relationship?
A) A bird eating parasites off a buffalo.
B) A lion hunting a zebra.
C) A parasite living on the skin of a host.
D) A bird using a tree as a nesting site.
Answer: D) A bird using a tree as a nesting site.
Explanation:
In commensalism, one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed. A bird using a tree for nesting is an example of this, as the bird benefits while the tree is unaffected.
- Which type of symbiosis occurs when one organism benefits at the expense of the other?
A) Mutualism
B) Commensalism
C) Parasitism
D) Amensalism
Answer: C) Parasitism
Explanation:
In parasitism, one organism benefits (the parasite) while the other organism (the host) is harmed, such as in the case of ticks feeding on a host animal.
- Which factor does not influence the size of a population?
A) Immigration
B) Emigration
C) Birth rate
D) Soil composition
Answer: D) Soil composition
Explanation:
Soil composition affects plant growth but does not directly influence the size of an animal population. Immigration, emigration, and birth rate directly affect population size.
- A population of organisms in a specific area is best described by which of the following?
A) Habitat
B) Species
C) Community
D) Population density
Answer: D) Population density
Explanation:
Population density refers to the number of individuals of a species per unit area or volume in a specific area, which is key to understanding the distribution of organisms.
- In a predator-prey relationship, what happens to the predator population if the prey population decreases?
A) The predator population increases.
B) The predator population decreases.
C) The predator population remains unaffected.
D) The predator population becomes more diverse.
Answer: B) The predator population decreases.
Explanation:
If the prey population decreases, the predators will have less food, leading to a decrease in the predator population.
- Which of the following is a characteristic of a K-strategist species?
A) They produce large numbers of offspring.
B) They have high mortality rates in early life.
C) They have a longer lifespan and produce fewer offspring.
D) They thrive in unpredictable environments.
Answer: C) They have a longer lifespan and produce fewer offspring.
Explanation:
K-strategists invest more time and resources into fewer offspring, with the species often living in stable environments where competition is high.
- In a population exhibiting exponential growth, what shape does the growth curve typically follow?
A) J-shaped curve
B) S-shaped curve
C) Linear curve
D) Bell-shaped curve
Answer: A) J-shaped curve
Explanation:
Exponential growth results in a J-shaped curve, indicating rapid, unrestricted growth when resources are abundant.
- Which of the following is the best example of a limiting factor that controls population size?
A) Number of predators
B) Migration patterns
C) Soil nutrients
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation:
Limiting factors like predators, migration, and soil nutrients can control population size by restricting the resources or conditions available to a population.
- The process by which species evolve to become more similar due to similar ecological roles is called:
A) Divergent evolution
B) Convergent evolution
C) Coevolution
D) Adaptive radiation
Answer: B) Convergent evolution
Explanation:
Convergent evolution occurs when species from different evolutionary backgrounds evolve similar traits due to adapting to similar environments or ecological roles.
- Which of the following is true regarding the concept of niche partitioning?
A) It occurs when species avoid competing by utilizing different resources.
B) It leads to one species becoming extinct.
C) It only applies to herbivores.
D) It eliminates competition between species.
Answer: A) It occurs when species avoid competing by utilizing different resources.
Explanation:
Niche partitioning occurs when species divide resources to reduce competition, allowing them to coexist in the same environment.
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