MCQ 61:
Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for processing auditory information?
A) Occipital lobe
B) Temporal lobe
C) Frontal lobe
D) Parietal lobe
Answer: B) Temporal lobe
Explanation: The temporal lobe is involved in processing auditory information and is essential for hearing and understanding sounds.
MCQ 62:
What is the function of the limbic system?
A) Coordinating movement
B) Regulating autonomic functions
C) Controlling emotions and memory
D) Processing sensory information
Answer: C) Controlling emotions and memory
Explanation: The limbic system is involved in emotional regulation, memory formation, and certain aspects of behavior.
MCQ 63:
Which ion is primarily responsible for synaptic vesicle fusion and neurotransmitter release?
A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Calcium
D) Chloride
Answer: C) Calcium
Explanation: Calcium ions (Ca²+) play a crucial role in triggering synaptic vesicle fusion with the presynaptic membrane, leading to neurotransmitter release.
MCQ 64:
Which structure in the brain regulates the sleep-wake cycle?
A) Hippocampus
B) Brainstem
C) Thalamus
D) Hypothalamus
Answer: D) Hypothalamus
Explanation: The hypothalamus regulates the sleep-wake cycle by controlling the secretion of melatonin and coordinating various circadian rhythms.
MCQ 65:
What is the primary function of the reticular formation?
A) Processing visual information
B) Regulating attention and wakefulness
C) Controlling motor skills
D) Coordinating balance
Answer: B) Regulating attention and wakefulness
Explanation: The reticular formation is involved in regulating alertness, attention, and the sleep-wake cycle, playing a key role in consciousness.
MCQ 66:
What is the primary function of the cerebellum?
A) Regulating emotions
B) Controlling voluntary muscle movements and balance
C) Processing sensory information
D) Producing hormones
Answer: B) Controlling voluntary muscle movements and balance
Explanation: The cerebellum is critical for coordination, precision, and timing of voluntary movements, as well as maintaining balance.
MCQ 67:
Which type of neuron carries signals from the central nervous system to muscles?
A) Sensory neurons
B) Interneurons
C) Motor neurons
D) Glial cells
Answer: C) Motor neurons
Explanation: Motor neurons transmit signals from the central nervous system to muscles, causing contractions and facilitating movement.
MCQ 68:
Which part of the nervous system is primarily involved in reflex arcs?
A) Central nervous system
B) Peripheral nervous system
C) Autonomic nervous system
D) Somatic nervous system
Answer: A) Central nervous system
Explanation: Reflex arcs involve the central nervous system, particularly the spinal cord, which processes sensory input and generates motor output rapidly.
MCQ 69:
What happens during depolarization of a neuron?
A) The membrane potential becomes more negative.
B) Sodium ions enter the neuron.
C) Potassium ions exit the neuron.
D) The neuron returns to resting potential.
Answer: B) Sodium ions enter the neuron.
Explanation: During depolarization, sodium channels open, allowing Na+ ions to rush into the neuron, making the inside more positive.
MCQ 70:
Which type of neurotransmitter increases the likelihood of an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron?
A) Inhibitory neurotransmitters
B) Excitatory neurotransmitters
C) Hormones
D) Receptors
Answer: B) Excitatory neurotransmitters
Explanation: Excitatory neurotransmitters promote depolarization in the postsynaptic neuron, increasing the likelihood of firing an action potential.
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