MCQ 21:
Which of the following is true about reflex actions?
A) They are slow and deliberate.
B) They involve only the brain.
C) They are automatic responses to stimuli.
D) They require conscious thought.
Answer: C) They are automatic responses to stimuli.
Explanation: Reflex actions are quick, automatic responses to stimuli that do not involve conscious thought, often mediated by the spinal cord.
MCQ 22:
Which lobe of the brain is primarily involved in processing visual information?
A) Frontal lobe
B) Parietal lobe
C) Occipital lobe
D) Temporal lobe
Answer: C) Occipital lobe
Explanation: The occipital lobe is located at the back of the brain and is primarily responsible for visual processing.
MCQ 23:
Which of the following neurotransmitters is associated with mood regulation?
A) Acetylcholine
B) Norepinephrine
C) Serotonin
D) GABA
Answer: C) Serotonin
Explanation: Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in mood regulation and is often targeted in treatments for depression.
MCQ 24:
What type of glial cell is responsible for the formation of myelin in the central nervous system?
A) Astrocytes
B) Oligodendrocytes
C) Microglia
D) Schwann cells
Answer: B) Oligodendrocytes
Explanation: Oligodendrocytes are responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system, while Schwann cells perform this function in the peripheral nervous system.
MCQ 25:
What is the primary function of the pituitary gland?
A) Regulation of motor control
B) Secretion of hormones
C) Processing sensory information
D) Coordination of balance
Answer: B) Secretion of hormones
Explanation: The pituitary gland, often referred to as the “master gland,” secretes various hormones that regulate numerous physiological processes in the body.
MCQ 26:
Which of the following structures is responsible for balance and coordination?
A) Cerebellum
B) Medulla oblongata
C) Hippocampus
D) Thalamus
Answer: A) Cerebellum
Explanation: The cerebellum is crucial for maintaining balance and coordinating voluntary movements, ensuring smooth and accurate motor activity.
MCQ 27:
What type of receptor responds to mechanical pressure or distortion?
A) Chemoreceptor
B) Thermoreceptor
C) Mechanoreceptor
D) Photoreceptor
Answer: C) Mechanoreceptor
Explanation: Mechanoreceptors are specialized sensory receptors that respond to mechanical pressure or distortion, playing a vital role in touch and proprioception.
MCQ 28:
Which of the following best describes the function of the medulla oblongata?
A) Processing auditory signals
B) Controlling involuntary functions like breathing and heart rate
C) Coordinating voluntary movements
D) Managing emotional responses
Answer: B) Controlling involuntary functions like breathing and heart rate
Explanation: The medulla oblongata regulates vital involuntary functions, such as respiration and cardiovascular activity, and is essential for survival.
MCQ 29:
What is the function of the blood-brain barrier?
A) To regulate blood flow
B) To protect the brain from toxins and pathogens
C) To produce cerebrospinal fluid
D) To facilitate neurotransmission
Answer: B) To protect the brain from toxins and pathogens
Explanation: The blood-brain barrier is a selective permeability barrier that protects the brain by preventing harmful substances from entering while allowing essential nutrients to pass.
MCQ 30:
Which of the following statements about action potentials is true?
A) They are graded responses.
B) They are all-or-nothing events.
C) They only occur in sensory neurons.
D) They decrease in amplitude with distance.
Answer: B) They are all-or-nothing events.
Explanation: Action potentials are all-or-nothing responses that occur once the membrane potential reaches a certain threshold, leading to a rapid depolarization.
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