MCQ 111:
What is the primary role of the sensory cortex?
A) Processing motor information
B) Integrating sensory information from different modalities
C) Controlling voluntary movements
D) Regulating autonomic functions
Answer: B) Integrating sensory information from different modalities
Explanation: The sensory cortex processes and integrates sensory information, such as touch, temperature, and pain, from various parts of the body.
MCQ 112:
Which neurotransmitter is associated with pleasure and reward?
A) Acetylcholine
B) Serotonin
C) Dopamine
D) GABA
Answer: C) Dopamine
Explanation: Dopamine is involved in reward pathways and is critical for feelings of pleasure and motivation.
MCQ 113:
What is the primary function of the hippocampus?
A) Regulating emotions
B) Forming new memories
C) Processing sensory information
D) Coordinating movement
Answer: B) Forming new memories
Explanation: The hippocampus is essential for the formation of new memories and is involved in learning processes.
MCQ 114:
What is the function of the frontal lobe in the brain?
A) Processing visual information
B) Regulating emotions and behavior
C) Controlling sensory perception
D) Coordinating balance
Answer: B) Regulating emotions and behavior
Explanation: The frontal lobe is involved in higher cognitive functions, including decision-making, problem-solving, and regulating emotions and behavior.
MCQ 115:
Which ion is primarily responsible for repolarization of the neuron after an action potential?
A) Sodium
B) Calcium
C) Potassium
D) Chloride
Answer: C) Potassium
Explanation: During repolarization, potassium ions (K+) exit the neuron, restoring the negative membrane potential after depolarization.
MCQ 116:
Which part of the nervous system is primarily involved in voluntary movement?
A) Autonomic nervous system
B) Central nervous system
C) Peripheral nervous system
D) Somatic nervous system
Answer: D) Somatic nervous system
Explanation: The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements by transmitting signals from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles.
MCQ 117:
What is the primary function of the retina?
A) Focusing light
B) Detecting light and converting it into electrical signals
C) Protecting the eye
D) Regulating eye movement
Answer: B) Detecting light and converting it into electrical signals
Explanation: The retina contains photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that detect light and convert it into electrical signals for the brain to interpret as images.
MCQ 118:
What role do neurotransmitters play in the nervous system?
A) Supporting the structure of neurons
B) Transmitting signals between neurons
C) Protecting the brain from pathogens
D) Regulating blood flow in the brain
Answer: B) Transmitting signals between neurons
Explanation: Neurotransmitters are chemicals released by neurons that transmit signals across synapses to communicate with other neurons.
MCQ 119:
Which brain structure is involved in maintaining homeostasis and regulating body temperature?
A) Thalamus
B) Hypothalamus
C) Cerebellum
D) Brainstem
Answer: B) Hypothalamus
Explanation: The hypothalamus is key in maintaining homeostasis, including regulating body temperature, hunger, and thirst.
MCQ 120:
Which structure in the ear is responsible for converting sound waves into neural signals?
A) Cochlea
B) Semicircular canals
C) Eustachian tube
D) Tympanic membrane
Answer: A) Cochlea
Explanation: The cochlea is a fluid-filled structure in the inner ear that converts sound waves into electrical signals for the brain to interpret.
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