MCQ 91:
What is the primary role of the medulla oblongata in the brainstem?
A) Coordinating voluntary movements
B) Controlling autonomic functions such as breathing and heart rate
C) Regulating sleep cycles
D) Processing visual information
Answer: B) Controlling autonomic functions such as breathing and heart rate
Explanation: The medulla oblongata regulates critical autonomic functions, including heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration.
MCQ 92:
Which part of the neuron receives incoming signals?
A) Axon
B) Dendrites
C) Axon terminals
D) Myelin sheath
Answer: B) Dendrites
Explanation: Dendrites are the branches of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons or sensory receptors.
MCQ 93:
What is the primary function of the occipital lobe?
A) Coordinating movement
B) Processing visual stimuli
C) Regulating emotions
D) Controlling balance
Answer: B) Processing visual stimuli
Explanation: The occipital lobe is responsible for interpreting visual information received from the eyes.
MCQ 94:
Which structure helps to protect the brain and spinal cord?
A) Meninges
B) Corpus callosum
C) Pineal gland
D) Cerebellum
Answer: A) Meninges
Explanation: The meninges are protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord, providing cushioning and support.
MCQ 95:
What is the role of the hypothalamus in homeostasis?
A) Regulating emotional responses
B) Controlling autonomic functions such as heart rate
C) Maintaining the body’s internal balance
D) Processing sensory information
Answer: C) Maintaining the body’s internal balance
Explanation: The hypothalamus plays a key role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating temperature, hunger, thirst, and other vital functions.
MCQ 96:
Which part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the ‘fight or flight’ response?
A) Parasympathetic nervous system
B) Sympathetic nervous system
C) Somatic nervous system
D) Enteric nervous system
Answer: B) Sympathetic nervous system
Explanation: The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for ‘fight or flight’ by increasing heart rate, dilating pupils, and redirecting blood flow to essential areas.
MCQ 97:
Which type of cell in the nervous system is responsible for forming myelin in the peripheral nervous system?
A) Oligodendrocytes
B) Schwann cells
C) Astrocytes
D) Microglia
Answer: B) Schwann cells
Explanation: Schwann cells are responsible for myelinating axons in the peripheral nervous system, facilitating faster electrical signal transmission.
MCQ 98:
What is the primary function of the limbic system?
A) Coordinating muscle movements
B) Regulating autonomic functions
C) Processing emotions and memory
D) Controlling visual processing
Answer: C) Processing emotions and memory
Explanation: The limbic system is involved in emotional regulation, memory formation, and aspects of behavior.
MCQ 99:
Which ion’s influx is primarily responsible for the depolarization phase of an action potential?
A) Potassium
B) Calcium
C) Sodium
D) Chloride
Answer: C) Sodium
Explanation: The influx of sodium ions (Na+) into the neuron during depolarization causes the membrane potential to become more positive.
MCQ 100:
Which structure in the brain is responsible for regulating voluntary motor activity?
A) Thalamus
B) Cerebellum
C) Brainstem
D) Hypothalamus
Answer: B) Cerebellum
Explanation: The cerebellum is essential for coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and motor learning.
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