- Which of the following diseases is spread by the bite of an infected dog?
a) Rabies
b) Malaria
c) Tetanus
d) Tuberculosis
Answer: a) Rabies
Explanation:
Rabies is a viral disease transmitted through the bite or scratch of an infected animal, most commonly dogs. Malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes, tetanus is caused by bacterial spores entering a wound, and tuberculosis is spread through airborne droplets.
- Which of the following is not an example of a communicable disease?
a) Tuberculosis
b) Diabetes
c) Hepatitis
d) Chickenpox
Answer: b) Diabetes
Explanation:
Diabetes is a non-communicable metabolic disorder, whereas tuberculosis, hepatitis, and chickenpox are all infectious diseases that can be transmitted from person to person.
- Which of the following diseases is caused by a prion?
a) Scrapie
b) Polio
c) Influenza
d) Tuberculosis
Answer: a) Scrapie
Explanation:
Scrapie is a neurodegenerative disease caused by prions, which are misfolded proteins that induce other proteins to misfold. Polio is caused by the poliovirus, influenza by the influenza virus, and tuberculosis by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- Which of the following is the major symptom of tetanus?
a) Lockjaw
b) Diarrhea
c) Skin rash
d) Jaundice
Answer: a) Lockjaw
Explanation:
Tetanus is caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which produces a toxin that leads to muscle stiffness and spasms. One of the characteristic symptoms is lockjaw (inability to open the mouth). Diarrhea, skin rash, and jaundice are not associated with tetanus.
- Which of the following is an example of an airborne disease?
a) Tuberculosis
b) Malaria
c) Cholera
d) Hepatitis A
Answer: a) Tuberculosis
Explanation:
Tuberculosis is an airborne disease spread through droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Malaria is mosquito-borne, cholera is waterborne, and hepatitis A is transmitted through contaminated food and water.
- Which of the following is not a viral disease?
a) Dengue
b) Hepatitis B
c) Malaria
d) Chickenpox
Answer: c) Malaria
Explanation:
Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites and transmitted by mosquitoes. Dengue, hepatitis B, and chickenpox are all viral diseases.
- Which of the following diseases is caused by Plasmodium vivax?
a) Dengue
b) Malaria
c) Cholera
d) Rabies
Answer: b) Malaria
Explanation:
Malaria is caused by various species of Plasmodium, including Plasmodium vivax, P. falciparum, P. malariae, and P. ovale. Dengue is caused by the dengue virus, cholera by Vibrio cholerae, and rabies by the rabies virus.
- Which of the following diseases can be prevented by vaccination?
a) Diabetes
b) Polio
c) Hypertension
d) Obesity
Answer: b) Polio
Explanation:
Polio can be prevented by vaccination (polio vaccine). Diabetes, hypertension, and obesity are lifestyle-related conditions and cannot be prevented by vaccination.
- Which of the following parasites causes elephantiasis?
a) Wuchereria bancrofti
b) Ascaris lumbricoides
c) Plasmodium falciparum
d) Entamoeba histolytica
Answer: a) Wuchereria bancrofti
Explanation:
Elephantiasis, or lymphatic filariasis, is caused by the parasitic worm Wuchereria bancrofti, which is transmitted by mosquitoes. Ascaris lumbricoides causes ascariasis, Plasmodium falciparum causes malaria, and Entamoeba histolytica causes amoebiasis.
- Which of the following diseases is spread by anopheles mosquitoes?
a) Dengue
b) Malaria
c) Yellow fever
d) Chikungunya
Answer: b) Malaria
Explanation:
Malaria is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes, which carry the Plasmodium parasite. Dengue and chikungunya are spread by Aedes mosquitoes, and yellow fever is transmitted by both Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes.
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