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Home/ Education/ Exam/ NEET/ Biology/NEET 2025 MCQ with Answer Explanation : “Human Health and Diseases”.

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On: October 4, 2024 Posted in Biology, Education, Exam, NEET, Uncategorised Comments: 0 Views: 206

NEET 2025 MCQ with Answer Explanation : “Human Health and Diseases”.

  1. Which of the following diseases is caused by a protozoan?
    a) Cholera
    b) Diphtheria
    c) Malaria
    d) Tuberculosis

Answer: c) Malaria

Explanation:
Malaria is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium, which are transmitted through the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. Cholera and diphtheria are caused by bacteria, and tuberculosis is also a bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

  1. Which of the following is an example of a genetic disorder?
    a) Thalassemia
    b) Typhoid
    c) Polio
    d) Influenza

Answer: a) Thalassemia

Explanation:
Thalassemia is an inherited genetic disorder that affects the production of hemoglobin in the blood. Typhoid, polio, and influenza are caused by pathogens (bacteria and viruses), not genetic mutations.

  1. Which type of cell helps in allergic reactions by releasing histamine?
    a) Neutrophils
    b) Mast cells
    c) Monocytes
    d) Eosinophils

Answer: b) Mast cells

Explanation:
Mast cells play a key role in allergic reactions by releasing histamine, which causes inflammation and other allergy symptoms. Neutrophils fight infections, monocytes become macrophages, and eosinophils are involved in combating parasitic infections.

  1. What is the main characteristic of a malignant tumor?
    a) Controlled cell growth
    b) Non-invasive
    c) Ability to metastasize
    d) Lack of cell division

Answer: c) Ability to metastasize

Explanation:
A malignant tumor is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and the ability to invade surrounding tissues and metastasize (spread to other parts of the body). Unlike benign tumors, malignant tumors are aggressive and can be life-threatening.

  1. Which of the following diseases is caused by a deficiency of insulin?
    a) Addison’s disease
    b) Diabetes mellitus
    c) Cushing’s syndrome
    d) Hyperthyroidism

Answer: b) Diabetes mellitus

Explanation:
Diabetes mellitus occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin (Type 1 diabetes) or when the body’s cells do not respond effectively to insulin (Type 2 diabetes). Addison’s disease is a hormonal disorder affecting the adrenal glands, while hyperthyroidism involves excessive thyroid hormone production.

  1. Which cells of the immune system are destroyed by HIV?
    a) B-cells
    b) T-helper cells (CD4+ cells)
    c) Macrophages
    d) Neutrophils

Answer: b) T-helper cells (CD4+ cells)

Explanation:
HIV targets and destroys CD4+ T-helper cells, which play a crucial role in regulating the immune response. The depletion of these cells leads to the weakened immune system seen in AIDS patients, making them susceptible to opportunistic infections.

  1. What is the causative agent of the disease ‘elephantiasis’?
    a) Ascaris lumbricoides
    b) Wuchereria bancrofti
    c) Plasmodium falciparum
    d) Leishmania donovani

Answer: b) Wuchereria bancrofti

Explanation:
Elephantiasis (lymphatic filariasis) is caused by the parasitic worm Wuchereria bancrofti, which is transmitted by mosquito bites. It leads to severe swelling of the limbs and other body parts. Ascaris causes ascariasis, Plasmodium causes malaria, and Leishmania causes leishmaniasis.

  1. Which of the following pathogens is correctly matched with the disease it causes?
    a) Treponema pallidum – Gonorrhea
    b) Plasmodium – Kala-azar
    c) Leishmania donovani – Malaria
    d) Mycobacterium leprae – Leprosy

Answer: d) Mycobacterium leprae – Leprosy

Explanation:
Mycobacterium leprae is the causative agent of leprosy, a chronic bacterial infection that affects the skin, nerves, and mucous membranes. Treponema pallidum causes syphilis, not gonorrhea. Plasmodium causes malaria, and Leishmania donovani causes kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis).

  1. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is primarily involved in which of the following?
    a) Blood clotting
    b) Tissue rejection during transplantation
    c) Oxygen transport
    d) Nerve impulse conduction

Answer: b) Tissue rejection during transplantation

Explanation:
MHC molecules present on cell surfaces are crucial for the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self. During organ transplants, differences in MHC molecules between donor and recipient can lead to tissue rejection. MHC plays no role in blood clotting, oxygen transport, or nerve conduction.

  1. Which of the following vaccines provides immunity against tuberculosis?
    a) BCG
    b) DPT
    c) MMR
    d) OPV

Answer: a) BCG

Explanation:
The BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) vaccine is used to prevent tuberculosis (TB). DPT protects against diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus. MMR protects against measles, mumps, and rubella, while OPV (oral polio vaccine) protects against poliomyelitis.

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