NEET 2025 MCQ with Answer Explanation : “Human Health and Diseases”.

Here below basic MCQ’s of human health and diseases with answer which is explained indetails. Let’s check one by one.

1. Which of the following is a bacterial disease?
   a) Influenza
   b) Typhoid
   c) Malaria
   d) Hepatitis B

Answer: b) Typhoid

Explanation:
Typhoid is caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. It spreads through contaminated food and water. Influenza is caused by a virus, malaria is caused by the protozoan Plasmodium, and Hepatitis B is a viral infection.

2. Which cells are mainly involved in the immune response?
   a) Neurons
   b) Erythrocytes
   c) Lymphocytes
   d) Thrombocytes

Answer: c) Lymphocytes

Explanation:
Lymphocytes, which include B cells and T cells, are central to the immune response. They help recognize and destroy pathogens or infected cells. Neurons are nerve cells, erythrocytes (red blood cells) carry oxygen, and thrombocytes (platelets) are involved in clotting.

3. Which of the following is an autoimmune disorder?
   a) Diabetes mellitus
   b) Asthma
   c) AIDS
   d) Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer: d) Rheumatoid arthritis

Explanation:
In autoimmune disorders, the body’s immune system attacks its own tissues. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the joints. Diabetes mellitus, particularly Type 1, can be autoimmune as well, but Type 2 is not. Asthma is an inflammatory condition, and AIDS is caused by the HIV virus attacking the immune system.

4. Which of the following is the vector for malaria?
   a) Aedes mosquito
   b) Anopheles mosquito
   c) Culex mosquito
   d) Sandfly

Answer: b) Anopheles mosquito

Explanation:
The Anopheles mosquito is the vector that transmits the malaria-causing parasite, Plasmodium. Aedes mosquito is known for transmitting dengue and chikungunya, while Culex mosquito can spread diseases like filariasis, and sandflies transmit leishmaniasis.

5. Which of the following components of the immune system is responsible for producing antibodies?
   a) T-cells
   b) B-cells
   c) Macrophages
   d) Neutrophils

Answer: b) B-cells

Explanation:
B-cells, also known as B-lymphocytes, are responsible for producing antibodies that help in the neutralization of pathogens. T-cells assist in the immune response, macrophages are phagocytic cells, and neutrophils are a type of white blood cell involved in fighting infections.

6. AIDS is caused by which virus?
   a) HIV
   b) HBV
   c) HPV
   d) HAV

Answer: a) HIV

Explanation:
AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is caused by the HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). HIV attacks the immune system, particularly CD4+ T-cells, which weakens the body’s ability to fight infections. HBV causes Hepatitis B, HPV is associated with warts and cervical cancer, and HAV causes Hepatitis A.

7. Which type of immunity is provided by vaccines?
   a) Innate immunity
   b) Passive immunity
   c) Active immunity
   d) Artificial passive immunity

Answer: c) Active immunity

Explanation:
Vaccines stimulate the body’s immune system to produce antibodies, giving long-lasting protection, which is called active immunity. Passive immunity involves receiving pre-formed antibodies from another source, such as maternal antibodies or antivenoms.

8. What is the primary cause of cancer?
   a) Bacterial infection
   b) Uncontrolled cell division
   c) Deficiency of vitamins
   d) Virus infection only

Answer: b) Uncontrolled cell division

Explanation:
Cancer results from uncontrolled cell division, which can be triggered by mutations in genes regulating cell growth. While some viruses (e.g., HPV) can contribute to cancer, the primary cause is cellular mutations that lead to unchecked proliferation.

9. Which of the following diseases is spread through sexual contact?
   a) Tuberculosis
   b) Syphilis
   c) Malaria
   d) Cholera

Answer: b) Syphilis

Explanation:
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Tuberculosis is airborne, malaria is vector-borne (by mosquitoes), and cholera is waterborne.

10. Which of the following is a symptom of jaundice?
    a) Swollen joints
    b) Yellowing of the skin and eyes
    c) Hair loss
    d) Fatigue

Answer: b) Yellowing of the skin and eyes

Explanation:
Jaundice is caused by an excess of bilirubin in the blood, leading to the yellowing of the skin and eyes. It is commonly associated with liver diseases.