- Which of the following statements is true for an ideal gas?
A) Its particles have significant volume.
B) It exhibits strong intermolecular forces.
C) Its behavior is best described by the ideal gas law at high pressure and low temperature.
D) It behaves more ideally at low pressure and high temperature.
Answer: D) It behaves more ideally at low pressure and high temperature.
Explanation: An ideal gas behaves more ideally at low pressure and high temperature, where intermolecular forces and particle volume are negligible.
- What is the relationship between the volume and the number of moles of a gas at constant temperature and pressure?
A) They are inversely related.
B) They are directly related.
C) They are unrelated.
D) They are exponentially related.
Answer: B) They are directly related.
Explanation: According to Avogadro’s Law, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas at constant temperature and pressure.
- If the pressure of a gas in a rigid container is doubled, what will happen to the temperature if the volume remains constant?
A) It will decrease by half.
B) It will remain constant.
C) It will double.
D) It will become zero.
Answer: C) It will double.
Explanation: According to Gay-Lussac’s Law, if the pressure of a gas doubles while the volume remains constant, the temperature must also double.
- Which of the following scenarios illustrates Boyle’s Law?
A) A gas expands when heated.
B) A gas compresses as the pressure increases.
C) The volume of gas increases with the number of moles.
D) The pressure of a gas rises when heated.
Answer: B) A gas compresses as the pressure increases.
Explanation: Boyle’s Law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume when temperature is held constant.
- In a gas mixture, the total pressure is 3 atm. If gas A exerts a pressure of 1 atm and gas B exerts a pressure of 2 atm, what is the partial pressure of gas B?
A) 1 atm
B) 2 atm
C) 3 atm
D) 0 atm
Answer: B) 2 atm
Explanation: According to Dalton’s Law, the partial pressures of the individual gases add up to the total pressure, which means gas B’s partial pressure is 2 atm.
- Which gas law would you use to predict the change in pressure of a gas when its volume changes while keeping the temperature constant?
A) Charles’s Law
B) Avogadro’s Law
C) Boyle’s Law
D) Gay-Lussac’s Law
Answer: C) Boyle’s Law
Explanation: Boyle’s Law is used to relate pressure and volume for a gas at constant temperature.
- In which scenario is it appropriate to use the ideal gas law?
A) When the gas is at high pressure and low temperature.
B) When the gas behaves as a real gas.
C) When the gas is at low pressure and high temperature.
D) When the gas is near its condensation point.
Answer: C) When the gas is at low pressure and high temperature.
Explanation: The ideal gas law is applicable when the gas behaves ideally, which is typically the case at low pressures and high temperatures.
- If a gas occupies a volume of 5 L at a temperature of 300 K, what will be the volume when the temperature is decreased to 150 K at constant pressure?
A) 2.5 L
B) 5 L
C) 7.5 L
D) 10 L
Answer: A) 2.5 L
Explanation: According to Charles’s Law, if the temperature is halved (from 300 K to 150 K), the volume will also be halved, resulting in a new volume of 2.5 L.
- What is the primary assumption of the kinetic molecular theory regarding gas particles?
A) Gas particles have strong attractions to each other.
B) Gas particles are in constant motion and occupy space.
C) Gas particles are stationary at low temperatures.
D) Gas particles have a definite volume.
Answer: B) Gas particles are in constant motion and occupy space.
Explanation: The kinetic molecular theory states that gas particles are in constant random motion and occupy space, allowing them to expand and fill their container.
- Which of the following best describes the effect of temperature on gas pressure in a closed container?
A) Pressure increases as temperature decreases.
B) Pressure remains constant as temperature changes.
C) Pressure increases as temperature increases.
D) Pressure decreases as temperature increases.
Answer: C) Pressure increases as temperature increases.
Explanation: According to Gay-Lussac’s Law, the pressure of a gas in a closed container increases with an increase in temperature when the volume is constant.
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