- Which of the following renewable energy sources has the least environmental impact?
A) Nuclear energy
B) Hydropower
C) Wind energy
D) Fossil fuels
Answer: C) Wind energy
Explanation:
Wind energy is a renewable energy source that generates electricity with minimal environmental impact. It does not produce greenhouse gases or other pollutants, unlike fossil fuels and nuclear energy, and it has a lower ecological footprint than hydropower.
- Which of the following is a natural greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming?
A) Oxygen
B) Methane
C) Nitrogen
D) Argon
Answer: B) Methane
Explanation:
Methane (CH₄) is a natural greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere, contributing to global warming. It is released from sources such as wetlands, livestock digestion, and the production and transport of fossil fuels.
- Which of the following is a consequence of melting glaciers due to global warming?
A) Increased biodiversity in polar regions
B) Lower sea levels
C) Displacement of coastal populations due to rising sea levels
D) Decreased greenhouse gas emissions
Answer: C) Displacement of coastal populations due to rising sea levels
Explanation:
Melting glaciers contribute to rising sea levels, which can lead to the flooding of coastal areas and displacement of populations living in low-lying regions.
- Which of the following is the main cause of the depletion of fish populations in oceans?
A) Coral bleaching
B) Overfishing
C) Increase in water salinity
D) Oil spills
Answer: B) Overfishing
Explanation:
Overfishing depletes fish populations faster than they can reproduce, leading to a decline in fish stocks and disruption of marine ecosystems. Sustainable fishing practices are necessary to preserve fish populations.
- Which of the following environmental problems is most closely associated with the overuse of chemical fertilizers in agriculture?
A) Ozone depletion
B) Soil erosion
C) Water pollution and eutrophication
D) Deforestation
Answer: C) Water pollution and eutrophication
Explanation:
Excessive use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture leads to nutrient runoff into water bodies, causing eutrophication. This results in algal blooms, oxygen depletion, and harm to aquatic life.
- Which of the following is the most effective method for conserving water in agriculture?
A) Flood irrigation
B) Drip irrigation
C) Deforestation
D) Overgrazing
Answer: B) Drip irrigation
Explanation:
Drip irrigation is an efficient method of watering crops that minimizes water waste by delivering water directly to the plant roots, reducing evaporation and runoff, and conserving water resources.
- Which of the following best describes the term “biological magnification”?
A) Increase in population size of a species
B) Increase in concentration of pollutants at higher trophic levels
C) Increase in species diversity within an ecosystem
D) Increase in the rate of photosynthesis
Answer: B) Increase in concentration of pollutants at higher trophic levels
Explanation:
Biological magnification refers to the process by which pollutants, such as pesticides or heavy metals, become more concentrated in organisms as they move up the food chain, often affecting top predators the most.
- Which of the following is a major contributor to the loss of biodiversity in tropical rainforests?
A) Overgrazing
B) Urban sprawl
C) Deforestation
D) Climate change
Answer: C) Deforestation
Explanation:
Deforestation in tropical rainforests leads to the destruction of habitats, resulting in the loss of biodiversity. Many species are threatened with extinction as their habitats are cleared for agriculture, logging, and development.
- Which of the following practices can help reduce carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere?
A) Increasing the use of fossil fuels
B) Afforestation and reforestation
C) Urbanization
D) Industrialization
Answer: B) Afforestation and reforestation
Explanation:
Afforestation (planting trees in areas that were not previously forested) and reforestation (replanting trees in deforested areas) help absorb CO₂ from the atmosphere, reducing greenhouse gas levels and mitigating climate change.
- Which of the following is an example of a non-renewable resource?
A) Solar energy
B) Wind energy
C) Natural gas
D) Geothermal energy
Answer: C) Natural gas
Explanation:
Natural gas is a non-renewable resource because it is a fossil fuel formed over millions of years. Once depleted, it cannot be replenished on a human timescale, unlike renewable resources such as solar and wind energy.
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