- Which of the following is a consequence of global warming?
A) Melting of polar ice caps
B) Decrease in ocean temperature
C) Increase in biodiversity
D) Decline in sea levels
Answer: A) Melting of polar ice caps
Explanation:
Global warming is causing the polar ice caps and glaciers to melt, contributing to rising sea levels, which can lead to coastal flooding and habitat loss.
- Which of the following is a direct consequence of deforestation?
A) Decrease in atmospheric carbon dioxide
B) Increase in soil fertility
C) Loss of biodiversity and increased carbon emissions
D) Increased water retention in soil
Answer: C) Loss of biodiversity and increased carbon emissions
Explanation:
Deforestation leads to habitat destruction, which results in the loss of biodiversity. Additionally, the removal of trees releases stored carbon into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change.
- Which of the following practices can help prevent desertification?
A) Overgrazing
B) Sustainable land management and afforestation
C) Intensive monoculture farming
D) Slash-and-burn agriculture
Answer: B) Sustainable land management and afforestation
Explanation:
Sustainable land management practices, such as afforestation and soil conservation, can help prevent desertification by improving soil quality and reducing land degradation.
- Which of the following pollutants is commonly associated with acid rain?
A) Nitrogen
B) Sulfur dioxide
C) Methane
D) Hydrogen
Answer: B) Sulfur dioxide
Explanation:
Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) reacts with water in the atmosphere to form sulfuric acid, a key component of acid rain, which damages ecosystems, buildings, and infrastructure.
- Which of the following pollutants is most responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
C) Methane
D) Ozone
Answer: B) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Explanation:
CFCs release chlorine atoms in the stratosphere, which break down ozone molecules, leading to the depletion of the ozone layer and increasing the risk of UV radiation reaching Earth’s surface.
- Which of the following is a greenhouse gas that has a much higher global warming potential than CO₂?
A) Nitrous oxide
B) Carbon monoxide
C) Oxygen
D) Argon
Answer: A) Nitrous oxide
Explanation:
Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is a potent greenhouse gas with a global warming potential about 300 times that of carbon dioxide (CO₂) over a 100-year period.
- Which of the following human activities releases the most methane (CH₄) into the atmosphere?
A) Industrial processes
B) Livestock farming
C) Mining
D) Urbanization
Answer: B) Livestock farming
Explanation:
Livestock farming, especially cattle, produces methane during digestion. Methane is also released from manure storage and rice paddies, making agriculture a significant source of this greenhouse gas.
- Which of the following pollutants is most likely to cause acid rain?
A) Nitrous oxide and sulfur dioxide
B) Carbon monoxide and methane
C) Lead and mercury
D) Ozone and ammonia
Answer: A) Nitrous oxide and sulfur dioxide
Explanation:
Both nitrous oxide (N₂O) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) are precursors to acid rain, as they react with water vapor in the atmosphere to form nitric and sulfuric acids.
- Which of the following practices can significantly reduce water pollution from industrial waste?
A) Direct discharge of untreated waste
B) Recycling of industrial wastewater
C) Use of single-use plastics
D) Increasing chemical usage
Answer: B) Recycling of industrial wastewater
Explanation:
Recycling and treating industrial wastewater before its release can significantly reduce water pollution by removing harmful chemicals and pollutants, preventing contamination of water bodies.
- Which of the following is an impact of global warming on the hydrological cycle?
A) Decreased evaporation rates
B) Increased frequency and intensity of storms
C) Reduced water vapor in the atmosphere
D) Lower sea levels
Answer: B) Increased frequency and intensity of storms
Explanation:
Global warming intensifies the hydrological cycle, leading to increased evaporation, more water vapor in the atmosphere, and more frequent and severe storms and extreme weather events.
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