NEET 2025 MCQ with Answer Explanation : “Digestion and Absorption”.

MCQ 141:
What is the function of the salivary glands?

A) Producing bile
B) Secreting insulin
C) Producing saliva containing enzymes
D) Absorbing nutrients

Answer: C) Producing saliva containing enzymes

Explanation: Salivary glands produce saliva, which contains enzymes like amylase that initiate the digestion of carbohydrates.

MCQ 142:
Which vitamin is primarily absorbed in the ileum?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin B12
D) Vitamin K

Answer: C) Vitamin B12

Explanation: Vitamin B12 absorption occurs primarily in the ileum, and it requires intrinsic factor for absorption.

MCQ 143:
Which part of the digestive system has a microbiome that aids in digestion?

A) Stomach
B) Large intestine
C) Small intestine
D) Pancreas

Answer: B) Large intestine

Explanation: The large intestine hosts a diverse microbiome that helps in the fermentation of undigested materials and synthesizing certain vitamins.

MCQ 144:
What is the role of pancreatic enzymes in digestion?

A) They help emulsify fats.
B) They break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
C) They neutralize stomach acid.
D) They absorb nutrients.

Answer: B) They break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Explanation: Pancreatic enzymes, including amylase, lipase, and proteases, are responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the small intestine.

MCQ 145:
Which enzyme is responsible for the digestion of starch into maltose?

A) Sucrase
B) Amylase
C) Lactase
D) Maltase

Answer: B) Amylase

Explanation: Amylase breaks down starch into maltose, a disaccharide.

MCQ 146:
What is the primary function of mucin in saliva?

A) To digest starch
B) To lubricate food
C) To neutralize acid
D) To break down fats

Answer: B) To lubricate food

Explanation: Mucin is a glycoprotein in saliva that lubricates food, making it easier to swallow.

MCQ 147:
Which of the following nutrients provides the most energy per gram?

A) Carbohydrates
B) Proteins
C) Fats
D) Vitamins

Answer: C) Fats

Explanation: Fats provide approximately 9 calories per gram, while carbohydrates and proteins provide about 4 calories per gram.

MCQ 148:
What is the term for the mixture of food and gastric juices in the stomach?

A) Chyme
B) Bolus
C) Feces
D) Emulsion

Answer: A) Chyme

Explanation: Chyme is the semi-liquid mixture of partially digested food and gastric juices that moves from the stomach to the small intestine.

MCQ 149:
Which type of carbohydrate is broken down into glucose during digestion?

A) Disaccharides
B) Monosaccharides
C) Polysaccharides
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

Explanation: Disaccharides (like sucrose and lactose) and polysaccharides (like starch) are broken down into glucose during digestion.

MCQ 150:
Which digestive enzyme is found in pancreatic juice and is responsible for protein digestion?

A) Amylase
B) Lipase
C) Trypsin
D) Sucrase

Answer: C) Trypsin

Explanation: Trypsin is a proteolytic enzyme found in pancreatic juice that digests proteins into smaller peptides.