MCQ 121:
Which part of the brain regulates the digestive process?
A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Hypothalamus
D) Medulla oblongata
Answer: D) Medulla oblongata
Explanation: The medulla oblongata helps regulate autonomic functions, including some aspects of digestion.
MCQ 122:
Which of the following is a characteristic of the large intestine?
A) It has a larger diameter than the small intestine.
B) It is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption.
C) It contains villi.
D) It secretes digestive enzymes.
Answer: A) It has a larger diameter than the small intestine.
Explanation: The large intestine has a larger diameter compared to the small intestine and is mainly involved in water absorption and waste formation.
MCQ 123:
What is the role of secretin in digestion?
A) Stimulates bile release
B) Stimulates gastric acid secretion
C) Promotes pancreatic bicarbonate secretion
D) Activates pepsinogen
Answer: C) Promotes pancreatic bicarbonate secretion
Explanation: Secretin is released in response to acidic chyme entering the small intestine and stimulates the pancreas to secrete bicarbonate to neutralize the acid.
MCQ 124:
Which of the following substances is absorbed by active transport in the small intestine?
A) Water
B) Glucose
C) Fatty acids
D) Glycerol
Answer: B) Glucose
Explanation: Glucose is absorbed through active transport mechanisms in the small intestine, requiring energy.
MCQ 125:
What is the role of the ileocecal valve?
A) Prevents backflow of chyme
B) Controls the passage of bile
C) Regulates the entry of food into the stomach
D) Separates the small intestine from the large intestine
Answer: D) Separates the small intestine from the large intestine
Explanation: The ileocecal valve is located between the ileum (small intestine) and cecum (large intestine) and regulates the flow of chyme.
MCQ 126:
Which digestive hormone stimulates the pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes?
A) Gastrin
B) Cholecystokinin
C) Secretin
D) Insulin
Answer: B) Cholecystokinin
Explanation: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is released in response to fats and proteins in the small intestine and stimulates the pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes.
MCQ 127:
Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for detoxifying substances absorbed from the digestive tract?
A) Stomach
B) Small intestine
C) Pancreas
D) Liver
Answer: D) Liver
Explanation: The liver processes and detoxifies substances absorbed from the digestive tract before they enter the bloodstream.
MCQ 128:
Which type of fat is more likely to be solid at room temperature?
A) Unsaturated fats
B) Polyunsaturated fats
C) Saturated fats
D) Trans fats
Answer: C) Saturated fats
Explanation: Saturated fats tend to be solid at room temperature due to their chemical structure, which allows for tighter packing.
MCQ 129:
What is the primary carbohydrate found in milk?
A) Sucrose
B) Lactose
C) Glucose
D) Fructose
Answer: B) Lactose
Explanation: Lactose is the sugar present in milk, composed of glucose and galactose.
MCQ 130:
Which of the following digestive processes occurs in the stomach?
A) Absorption of nutrients
B) Digestion of carbohydrates
C) Digestion of proteins
D) Digestion of fats
Answer: C) Digestion of proteins
Explanation: The stomach is primarily responsible for protein digestion through the action of pepsin and gastric acid.
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