Question 51:
Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics?
A) Testosterone
B) Progesterone
C) Estrogen
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Answer: C) Estrogen
Explanation: Estrogen is responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics such as breast development and the regulation of the menstrual cycle.
Question 52:
What is the effect of growth hormone (GH) on the body?
A) Decreases muscle mass
B) Promotes tissue growth
C) Inhibits metabolism
D) Increases fat storage
Answer: B) Promotes tissue growth
Explanation: Growth hormone (GH) stimulates growth and cell reproduction, promoting tissue growth and repair.
Question 53:
Which hormone regulates the sleep-wake cycle and is produced in response to darkness?
A) Insulin
B) Cortisol
C) Melatonin
D) Progesterone
Answer: C) Melatonin
Explanation: Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland in response to darkness and helps regulate the sleep-wake cycle.
Question 54:
Which of the following hormones is associated with the stress response and metabolism?
A) Adrenaline
B) Glucagon
C) Insulin
D) Thyroxine
Answer: A) Adrenaline
Explanation: Adrenaline is released during stress and increases metabolic activity, preparing the body for quick responses.
Question 55:
What is the primary function of progesterone?
A) Stimulates milk production
B) Regulates the menstrual cycle
C) Increases blood sugar levels
D) Promotes bone growth
Answer: B) Regulates the menstrual cycle
Explanation: Progesterone plays a critical role in regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the uterus for a potential pregnancy.
Question 56:
Which of the following hormones lowers blood sugar levels?
A) Glucagon
B) Insulin
C) Cortisol
D) Thyroxine
Answer: B) Insulin
Explanation: Insulin lowers blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells.
Question 57:
Which gland secretes growth hormone (GH)?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Pituitary gland
D) Pancreas
Answer: C) Pituitary gland
Explanation: The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which regulates growth and metabolism.
Question 58:
Which hormone is secreted in response to high blood calcium levels?
A) Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
B) Insulin
C) Calcitonin
D) Glucagon
Answer: C) Calcitonin
Explanation: Calcitonin is released by the thyroid gland to lower blood calcium levels when they are elevated.
Question 59:
Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during childbirth?
A) Progesterone
B) Prolactin
C) Oxytocin
D) Estrogen
Answer: C) Oxytocin
Explanation: Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions during labor and aids in milk ejection during breastfeeding.
Question 60:
What effect does cortisol have on the immune system?
A) Enhances immune response
B) Suppresses immune response
C) Has no effect
D) Stimulates immune cell production
Answer: B) Suppresses immune response
Explanation: Cortisol has an immunosuppressive effect, helping to reduce inflammation and the immune response during stress.
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