Question 141:
What is the function of leptin in the body?
A) Stimulates hunger
B) Regulates energy balance
C) Increases fat storage
D) Decreases insulin sensitivity
Answer: B) Regulates energy balance
Explanation: Leptin helps regulate energy balance by suppressing appetite and increasing energy expenditure in response to fat storage.
Question 142:
Which hormone increases blood glucose levels by promoting gluconeogenesis?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Thyroxine
D) Cortisol
Answer: B) Glucagon
Explanation: Glucagon increases blood glucose levels by promoting gluconeogenesis, the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources in the liver.
Question 143:
Which hormone is involved in the regulation of blood volume and blood pressure?
A) Aldosterone
B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C) Both A and B
D) Insulin
Answer: C) Both A and B
Explanation: Both aldosterone and ADH regulate blood volume and pressure; aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption, while ADH promotes water reabsorption.
Question 144:
What is the primary function of the hormone progesterone?
A) Stimulates milk production
B) Regulates the menstrual cycle and supports pregnancy
C) Increases fat metabolism
D) Promotes growth
Answer: B) Regulates the menstrual cycle and supports pregnancy
Explanation: Progesterone plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining the uterine lining during pregnancy.
Question 145:
Which hormone is released during exercise and increases blood flow to muscles?
A) Insulin
B) Adrenaline
C) Cortisol
D) Glucagon
Answer: B) Adrenaline
Explanation: Adrenaline is released during exercise, increasing heart rate and blood flow to active muscles for enhanced performance.
Question 146:
Which hormone decreases blood sugar levels?
A) Glucagon
B) Adrenaline
C) Insulin
D) Cortisol
Answer: C) Insulin
Explanation: Insulin lowers blood sugar levels by facilitating glucose uptake into cells for energy or storage.
Question 147:
Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth of bones and muscles?
A) Insulin
B) Growth hormone (GH)
C) Cortisol
D) Thyroxine
Answer: B) Growth hormone (GH)
Explanation: Growth hormone stimulates growth and development in bones and muscles by promoting protein synthesis and cell division.
Question 148:
What is the primary role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
A) Regulates blood sugar levels
B) Promotes water reabsorption in kidneys
C) Stimulates milk production
D) Increases metabolic rate
Answer: B) Promotes water reabsorption in kidneys
Explanation: ADH helps the body conserve water by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output.
Question 149:
Which hormone increases during fasting to promote the breakdown of stored energy?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Leptin
D) Cortisol
Answer: B) Glucagon
Explanation: Glucagon increases during fasting to promote the breakdown of glycogen and fat stores for energy.
Question 150:
Which hormone is released in response to high blood sugar levels?
A) Glucagon
B) Insulin
C) Cortisol
D) Thyroxine
Answer: B) Insulin
Explanation: Insulin is released by the pancreas in response to high blood sugar levels, facilitating glucose uptake by cells and lowering blood sugar.
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