Question 130:
What is the primary effect of insulin on fat cells?
A) Increases fat breakdown
B) Promotes fat storage
C) Decreases fat storage
D) Has no effect
Answer: B) Promotes fat storage
Explanation: Insulin promotes the storage of fat in adipose tissues by facilitating the uptake of glucose and fatty acids.
Question 131:
Which hormone is involved in regulating calcium levels in the blood?
A) Calcitonin
B) Insulin
C) Aldosterone
D) Cortisol
Answer: A) Calcitonin
Explanation: Calcitonin helps lower blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity and promoting calcium excretion in the kidneys.
Question 132:
What is the primary action of estrogen in the body?
A) Stimulates milk production
B) Regulates the menstrual cycle
C) Promotes fat storage
D) Increases blood pressure
Answer: B) Regulates the menstrual cycle
Explanation: Estrogen is crucial for regulating the menstrual cycle and supporting reproductive health in females.
Question 133:
Which hormone is released during labor to facilitate childbirth?
A) Oxytocin
B) Progesterone
C) Estrogen
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Answer: A) Oxytocin
Explanation: Oxytocin increases uterine contractions, facilitating childbirth and promoting milk ejection during breastfeeding.
Question 134:
Which hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells?
A) Erythropoietin
B) Insulin
C) Thyroid hormones
D) Cortisol
Answer: A) Erythropoietin
Explanation: Erythropoietin, produced by the kidneys, stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.
Question 135:
What is the role of cortisol in the body?
A) Regulates sleep
B) Reduces inflammation
C) Stimulates growth
D) Promotes fat storage
Answer: B) Reduces inflammation
Explanation: Cortisol is an anti-inflammatory hormone that helps regulate the immune response and reduce inflammation.
Question 136:
Which hormone is secreted by the hypothalamus to control the anterior pituitary gland?
A) Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
B) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
C) Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: The hypothalamus secretes several releasing hormones, including GHRH, CRH, and TRH, to regulate the anterior pituitary gland’s activity.
Question 137:
What effect does adrenaline have on the body?
A) Decreases heart rate
B) Increases blood flow to muscles
C) Promotes digestion
D) Increases insulin secretion
Answer: B) Increases blood flow to muscles
Explanation: Adrenaline (epinephrine) increases heart rate and blood flow to muscles, preparing the body for a quick response in stressful situations.
Question 138:
Which hormone regulates the body’s metabolism and energy levels?
A) Insulin
B) Thyroxine
C) Cortisol
D) Progesterone
Answer: B) Thyroxine
Explanation: Thyroxine (T4) is a thyroid hormone that regulates metabolism, influencing energy levels and growth.
Question 139:
Which hormone primarily influences the body’s response to stress?
A) Insulin
B) Cortisol
C) Leptin
D) Estrogen
Answer: B) Cortisol
Explanation: Cortisol is the main hormone involved in the body’s response to stress, helping to mobilize energy and regulate various body functions.
Question 140:
Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating the secretion of digestive enzymes from the pancreas?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Secretin
D) Somatostatin
Answer: C) Secretin
Explanation: Secretin stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate and digestive enzymes, aiding digestion in the small intestine.
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