Question 111:
Which hormone is released during acute stress to prepare the body for ‘fight or flight’?
A) Cortisol
B) Norepinephrine
C) Insulin
D) Estrogen
Answer: B) Norepinephrine
Explanation: Norepinephrine is released during acute stress, increasing heart rate, blood flow, and energy availability for rapid response.
Question 112:
What effect does progesterone have on the uterus?
A) Stimulates contraction
B) Prepares the lining for implantation
C) Reduces blood flow
D) Inhibits ovulation
Answer: B) Prepares the lining for implantation
Explanation: Progesterone prepares the uterine lining for potential implantation of a fertilized egg, maintaining the pregnancy.
Question 113:
Which hormone is primarily involved in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle?
A) Estrogen
B) Melatonin
C) Cortisol
D) Insulin
Answer: B) Melatonin
Explanation: Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland and helps regulate the sleep-wake cycle, responding to light and darkness.
Question 114:
What is the effect of insulin on glucose metabolism?
A) Increases glucose production
B) Decreases glucose uptake
C) Promotes glucose storage
D) Has no effect on glucose metabolism
Answer: C) Promotes glucose storage
Explanation: Insulin promotes the uptake and storage of glucose in cells, particularly in the liver and muscle tissues.
Question 115:
Which hormone is known to stimulate the thyroid gland?
A) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
B) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Answer: B) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Explanation: TSH is released by the pituitary gland and stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones.
Question 116:
What is the primary function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
A) Increases calcium absorption in intestines
B) Lowers blood calcium levels
C) Increases blood calcium levels
D) Regulates glucose metabolism
Answer: C) Increases blood calcium levels
Explanation: PTH raises blood calcium levels by promoting the release of calcium from bones and enhancing renal reabsorption.
Question 117:
Which hormone is released in response to dehydration?
A) Aldosterone
B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C) Insulin
D) Cortisol
Answer: B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Explanation: ADH is released to promote water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output and conserving water.
Question 118:
Which hormone is crucial for the development of follicles in the ovaries?
A) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
B) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
C) Progesterone
D) Estrogen
Answer: B) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Explanation: FSH stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles during the menstrual cycle.
Question 119:
What is the primary function of the hormone oxytocin?
A) Regulates blood sugar
B) Stimulates uterine contractions and milk ejection
C) Increases metabolic rate
D) Promotes fat storage
Answer: B) Stimulates uterine contractions and milk ejection
Explanation: Oxytocin is involved in childbirth by stimulating uterine contractions and in lactation by aiding milk ejection.
Question 120:
Which hormone primarily affects mood and emotional behavior?
A) Insulin
B) Serotonin
C) Thyroxine
D) Progesterone
Answer: B) Serotonin
Explanation: Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a significant role in regulating mood, anxiety, and emotional well-being.
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