Question 101:
Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating the adrenal cortex to produce hormones?
A) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
B) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Answer: A) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Explanation: ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens.
Question 102:
Which hormone plays a key role in maintaining water balance in the body?
A) Aldosterone
B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C) Insulin
D) Cortisol
Answer: B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Explanation: ADH regulates water balance by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output.
Question 103:
Which hormone is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in females?
A) Progesterone
B) Testosterone
C) Estrogen
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Answer: C) Estrogen
Explanation: Estrogen promotes the development of female secondary sexual characteristics, such as breast development and menstrual regulation.
Question 104:
What is the main effect of glucagon on blood glucose levels?
A) Decreases blood glucose levels
B) Increases blood glucose levels
C) Has no effect
D) Promotes glucose absorption
Answer: B) Increases blood glucose levels
Explanation: Glucagon increases blood glucose levels by promoting glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver.
Question 105:
Which hormone is produced by the placenta during pregnancy?
A) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
B) Insulin
C) Cortisol
D) Thyroxine
Answer: A) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Explanation: hCG is produced by the placenta and helps maintain the corpus luteum during early pregnancy.
Question 106:
Which hormone is known to regulate sleep patterns and is influenced by light exposure?
A) Melatonin
B) Cortisol
C) Testosterone
D) Progesterone
Answer: A) Melatonin
Explanation: Melatonin production increases in response to darkness and helps regulate sleep-wake cycles.
Question 107:
What role does the hormone leptin play in the body?
A) Regulates blood sugar levels
B) Increases hunger
C) Suppresses appetite
D) Promotes fat storage
Answer: C) Suppresses appetite
Explanation: Leptin is produced by adipose tissue and helps regulate energy balance by suppressing appetite.
Question 108:
Which hormone stimulates the production of cortisol from the adrenal glands?
A) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
B) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
C) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
D) Growth hormone (GH)
Answer: C) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Explanation: ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol and other glucocorticoids in response to stress.
Question 109:
Which hormone is primarily involved in the regulation of the immune response?
A) Estrogen
B) Cortisol
C) Insulin
D) Thyroxine
Answer: B) Cortisol
Explanation: Cortisol has immunosuppressive properties, regulating and modulating the immune response during stress.
Question 110:
What is the role of thyroid hormones in the body?
A) Regulate blood pressure
B) Control metabolism and energy production
C) Stimulate appetite
D) Promote muscle growth
Answer: B) Control metabolism and energy production
Explanation: Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) regulate the body’s metabolic rate, energy production, and overall growth and development.
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