NEET 2025 MCQ with Answer Explanation : Chemical coordination and Integration.

Here below some basic MCQ’s about “Chemical coordination and integration” with answer which is explained in details. Let’s check one by one which is given below.

Question 1:
Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?

A) Insulin
B) Thyroxine
C) Cortisol
D) Adrenaline

Answer: A) Insulin

Explanation: Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps lower blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells, particularly muscle and fat cells. Thyroxine primarily regulates metabolism, cortisol is involved in stress response, and adrenaline prepares the body for ‘fight or flight’ responses.

Question 2:
Which gland is known as the “master gland” of the endocrine system?

A) Thyroid gland
B) Pituitary gland
C) Adrenal gland
D) Pancreas

Answer: B) Pituitary gland

Explanation: The pituitary gland is often referred to as the “master gland” because it regulates many bodily functions by releasing hormones that control other glands in the endocrine system, such as the thyroid and adrenal glands.

Question 3:
Which of the following hormones is secreted by the adrenal medulla?

A) Aldosterone
B) Cortisol
C) Epinephrine
D) Glucagon

Answer: C) Epinephrine

Explanation: Epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) is produced by the adrenal medulla and is involved in the body’s fight-or-flight response. Aldosterone and cortisol are produced by the adrenal cortex, while glucagon is secreted by the pancreas.

Question 4:
What is the primary function of oxytocin?

A) Regulation of metabolism
B) Uterine contraction during childbirth
C) Increase blood sugar levels
D) Maintenance of calcium levels

Answer: B) Uterine contraction during childbirth

Explanation: Oxytocin is a hormone that stimulates uterine contractions during labor and helps with milk ejection during breastfeeding. It does not primarily regulate metabolism, blood sugar, or calcium levels.

Question 5:
Which hormone is responsible for the “fight or flight” response?

A) Thyroxine
B) Cortisol
C) Norepinephrine
D) Insulin

Answer: C) Norepinephrine

Explanation: Norepinephrine (noradrenaline) is released during the “fight or flight” response, which prepares the body to react to perceived threats. It works alongside epinephrine to increase heart rate and blood flow to muscles. Cortisol also plays a role in stress response but is not the primary hormone for the immediate “fight or flight” reaction.

Question 6:
Which of the following hormones regulates metabolism and is produced by the thyroid gland?

A) Insulin
B) Thyroxine (T4)
C) Cortisol
D) Parathyroid hormone

Answer: B) Thyroxine (T4)

Explanation: Thyroxine (T4) is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism. It increases the metabolic rate of cells and affects growth and development.

Question 7:
Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels?

A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Somatostatin
D) Adrenaline

Answer: B) Glucagon

Explanation: Glucagon is secreted by the pancreas when blood glucose levels are low. It promotes the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver, raising blood sugar levels.

Question 8:
What is the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

A) Decreases blood sugar levels
B) Increases blood calcium levels
C) Stimulates water reabsorption in kidneys
D) Regulates metabolism

Answer: B) Increases blood calcium levels

Explanation: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption and increasing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys.

Question 9:
Which of the following hormones is primarily involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle?

A) Progesterone
B) Testosterone
C) Cortisol
D) Insulin

Answer: A) Progesterone

Explanation: Progesterone is crucial for regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the uterus for a potential pregnancy.

Question 10:
Which of the following is a function of the adrenal cortex?

A) Secretion of insulin
B) Regulation of sodium and potassium levels
C) Production of adrenaline
D) Release of oxytocin

Answer: B) Regulation of sodium and potassium levels

Explanation: The adrenal cortex produces hormones like aldosterone, which regulates sodium and potassium levels in the body. Adrenaline is produced by the adrenal medulla, and insulin and oxytocin are produced by the pancreas and pituitary gland, respectively.