Question 31:
What is the main role of peroxisomes?
A) ATP production
B) Lipid synthesis
C) Detoxification of hydrogen peroxide
D) Protein synthesis
Answer: C) Detoxification of hydrogen peroxide
Explanation: Peroxisomes contain enzymes that detoxify harmful substances, including hydrogen peroxide, converting it into water and oxygen.
Question 32:
Which cellular structure is responsible for maintaining the shape of a cell?
A) Cytoplasm
B) Cytoskeleton
C) Cell membrane
D) Nucleus
Answer: B) Cytoskeleton
Explanation: The cytoskeleton provides structural support to the cell, maintaining its shape and facilitating movement.
Question 33:
Which of the following organelles is known for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins?
A) Ribosome
B) Golgi Apparatus
C) Smooth ER
D) Mitochondria
Answer: B) Golgi Apparatus
Explanation: The Golgi apparatus modifies proteins received from the rough ER, sorts them, and packages them into vesicles for transport.
Question 34:
Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome?
A) rRNA
B) tRNA
C) mRNA
D) sRNA
Answer: C) mRNA
Explanation: Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.
Question 35:
What type of cell division is responsible for growth and repair in multicellular organisms?
A) Meiosis
B) Binary fission
C) Mitosis
D) Budding
Answer: C) Mitosis
Explanation: Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, facilitating growth and tissue repair.
Question 36:
Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?
A) Selective permeability
B) Communication
C) Energy production
D) Structural support
Answer: C) Energy production
Explanation: The plasma membrane functions in selective permeability, cell signaling, and providing structural support but is not directly involved in energy production.
Question 37:
Which of the following is a major component of the plant cell wall?
A) Protein
B) Cellulose
C) Lipid
D) Nucleic acid
Answer: B) Cellulose
Explanation: Cellulose is a polysaccharide that provides structural support to the plant cell wall, making it rigid.
Question 38:
What structure facilitates the movement of ions across the cell membrane?
A) Phospholipid bilayer
B) Protein channels
C) Cytoplasm
D) Cell wall
Answer: B) Protein channels
Explanation: Protein channels are embedded in the cell membrane and allow specific ions to move across the membrane, facilitating transport.
Question 39:
Which process involves the engulfing of large particles by the cell?
A) Exocytosis
B) Endocytosis
C) Osmosis
D) Diffusion
Answer: B) Endocytosis
Explanation: Endocytosis is the process by which cells engulf large particles or liquids by enclosing them in a membrane-bound vesicle.
Question 40:
What is the main function of the cell’s cytoplasm?
A) Energy production
B) Site for metabolic reactions
C) Storage of genetic material
D) Protein synthesis
Answer: B) Site for metabolic reactions
Explanation: The cytoplasm is the gel-like substance within the cell where various metabolic reactions occur, including enzyme activities and energy production.
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