Question 91:
Which organelle is involved in producing the energy currency of the cell, ATP?
A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondria
C) Ribosomes
D) Golgi Apparatus
Answer: B) Mitochondria
Explanation: Mitochondria are responsible for producing ATP through the process of cellular respiration.
Question 92:
Which of the following structures is NOT involved in the synthesis of proteins?
A) Ribosomes
B) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
C) Golgi Apparatus
D) Nucleus
Answer: C) Golgi Apparatus
Explanation: While the Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying and packaging proteins, the actual synthesis occurs at ribosomes and the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Question 93:
What is the main function of lysosomes in a cell?
A) Energy production
B) Digestion of macromolecules
C) Protein synthesis
D) DNA replication
Answer: B) Digestion of macromolecules
Explanation: Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down macromolecules and cellular debris, playing a crucial role in cellular digestion.
Question 94:
Which structure is responsible for maintaining the integrity of the nuclear envelope?
A) Nuclear pores
B) Nuclear lamina
C) Nucleolus
D) Chromatin
Answer: B) Nuclear lamina
Explanation: The nuclear lamina is a dense fibrillar network inside the nucleus that provides structural support and maintains the integrity of the nuclear envelope.
Question 95:
What is the primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
A) Protein synthesis
B) Lipid synthesis and detoxification
C) ATP production
D) Storage of genetic material
Answer: B) Lipid synthesis and detoxification
Explanation: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of lipids and detoxification of harmful substances, including drugs and alcohol.
Question 96:
Which of the following describes the function of the cytoskeleton?
A) Energy production
B) Maintenance of cell shape and motility
C) Protein synthesis
D) Storage of genetic material
Answer: B) Maintenance of cell shape and motility
Explanation: The cytoskeleton provides structural support to the cell, maintaining its shape and enabling movement.
Question 97:
What type of cellular junctions prevent the leakage of extracellular fluid between cells?
A) Gap junctions
B) Tight junctions
C) Desmosomes
D) Hemidesmosomes
Answer: B) Tight junctions
Explanation: Tight junctions form a seal between adjacent cells, preventing the leakage of extracellular fluid and maintaining the integrity of tissue barriers.
Question 98:
Which of the following organelles is involved in modifying and packaging proteins for secretion?
A) Ribosome
B) Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
C) Golgi Apparatus
D) Mitochondria
Answer: C) Golgi Apparatus
Explanation: The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.
Question 99:
What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?
A) Provide energy for the cell
B) Maintain cell shape and facilitate movement
C) Synthesize proteins
D) Store genetic material
Answer: B) Maintain cell shape and facilitate movement
Explanation: The cytoskeleton is a network of fibers that provides structural support, maintains the shape of the cell, and facilitates movement.
Question 100:
Which type of microscopy allows for visualization of live cells?
A) Light microscopy
B) Transmission electron microscopy
C) Scanning electron microscopy
D) Fluorescence microscopy
Answer: A) Light microscopy
Explanation: Light microscopy allows for the observation of live cells in their natural state, as it uses visible light to illuminate samples without the need for extensive preparation.
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