NEET 2025 MCQ with Answer Explanation : “Cell the unit of life”.

Here below some basic MCQ’s about “Cell-The unit of life” with answer which is explained in details. Let’s check one by one.

Question 1:
Which of the following organelles is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

A) Nucleus
B) Ribosome
C) Mitochondria
D) Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer: C) Mitochondria

Explanation: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through cellular respiration, providing energy for cellular activities.

Question 2:
What structure is primarily responsible for controlling the passage of substances in and out of the cell?

A) Cell Wall
B) Cell Membrane
C) Cytoplasm
D) Nucleus

Answer: B) Cell Membrane

Explanation: The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell through its selective permeability.

Question 3:
Which of the following is NOT found in prokaryotic cells?

A) DNA
B) Ribosomes
C) Nucleus
D) Cell Membrane

Answer: C) Nucleus

Explanation: Prokaryotic cells do not have a true nucleus; instead, their genetic material is located in a region called the nucleoid. Eukaryotic cells, in contrast, have a membrane-bound nucleus.

Question 4:
What is the primary function of ribosomes in the cell?

A) Energy production
B) Protein synthesis
C) DNA replication
D) Lipid synthesis

Answer: B) Protein synthesis

Explanation: Ribosomes are the molecular machines that synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains, playing a crucial role in gene expression.

Question 5:
Which cell structure is involved in the modification and packaging of proteins?

A) Golgi Apparatus
B) Lysosome
C) Mitochondria
D) Vacuole

Answer: A) Golgi Apparatus

Explanation: The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles. It plays a key role in processing and distributing molecules produced by the endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 6:
Which of the following statements about the cell cycle is true?

A) Mitosis occurs during the G1 phase.
B) The S phase is when DNA is replicated.
C) Cytokinesis is part of interphase.
D) The cell grows only during the G2 phase.

Answer: B) The S phase is when DNA is replicated.

Explanation: The S phase (Synthesis phase) is specifically the part of the cell cycle where DNA replication occurs, ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes after cell division.

Question 7:
Which of the following is a double-membrane organelle?

A) Ribosome
B) Nucleus
C) Lysosome
D) Golgi Apparatus

Answer: B) Nucleus

Explanation: The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope, which separates the genetic material from the cytoplasm.

Question 8:
What is the primary role of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

A) Protein synthesis
B) Lipid synthesis and detoxification
C) Ribosome production
D) ATP production

Answer: B) Lipid synthesis and detoxification

Explanation: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of lipids and the detoxification of drugs and poisons.

Question 9:
Which structure is responsible for the degradation of waste materials within the cell?

A) Ribosome
B) Lysosome
C) Mitochondria
D) Nucleus

Answer: B) Lysosome

Explanation: Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Question 10:
What is the primary function of chloroplasts?

A) Respiration
B) Photosynthesis
C) Protein synthesis
D) Cell division

Answer: B) Photosynthesis

Explanation: Chloroplasts are the sites of photosynthesis in plant cells, converting light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.