Question 81
What is the result of cytokinesis in plant cells?
A) Two identical daughter cells
B) A cleavage furrow forms
C) A cell plate forms, creating two separate cells
D) Chromosomes condense
Answer: C) A cell plate forms, creating two separate cells
Explanation: In plant cells, cytokinesis results in the formation of a cell plate that develops into a new cell wall, dividing the two daughter cells.
Question 82
Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the alignment of chromosomes along the metaphase plate?
A) Anaphase
B) Prophase
C) Telophase
D) Metaphase
Answer: D) Metaphase
Explanation: During metaphase, chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate, preparing for separation during anaphase.
Question 83
What occurs during prophase II of meiosis?
A) Chromosomes condense, and the nuclear envelope breaks down.
B) Homologous chromosomes separate.
C) Sister chromatids align at the equatorial plane.
D) The nuclear envelope re-forms.
Answer: A) Chromosomes condense, and the nuclear envelope breaks down.
Explanation: During prophase II, chromosomes condense again, and the nuclear envelope disintegrates in preparation for the second meiotic division.
Question 84
What is the function of the G2 checkpoint?
A) To ensure DNA is replicated properly.
B) To monitor cell size.
C) To check for spindle fiber attachment.
D) To initiate apoptosis.
Answer: A) To ensure DNA is replicated properly.
Explanation: The G2 checkpoint verifies that DNA replication is complete and that there are no damages before the cell enters mitosis.
Question 85
In what type of cells does meiosis occur?
A) Somatic cells
B) Prokaryotic cells
C) Germ cells
D) Stem cells
Answer: C) Germ cells
Explanation: Meiosis occurs in germ cells, which give rise to gametes for sexual reproduction.
Question 86
What is the significance of the cleavage furrow in animal cells during cytokinesis?
A) It initiates DNA replication.
B) It allows for the synthesis of RNA.
C) It helps in the physical separation of the two daughter cells.
D) It promotes the formation of the mitotic spindle.
Answer: C) It helps in the physical separation of the two daughter cells.
Explanation: The cleavage furrow is the indentation that forms in the cell membrane, facilitating the physical separation of the daughter cells during cytokinesis.
Question 87
Which of the following is true about tumor suppressor genes?
A) They promote cell division.
B) They are always active.
C) They inhibit uncontrolled cell growth.
D) They only function in cancer cells.
Answer: C) They inhibit uncontrolled cell growth.
Explanation: Tumor suppressor genes regulate cell division and can prevent the formation of tumors by inhibiting uncontrolled growth.
Question 88
What structure forms at the centromere during cell division?
A) Kinetochore
B) Spindle apparatus
C) Chromatin
D) Cell plate
Answer: A) Kinetochore
Explanation: The kinetochore forms at the centromere and is crucial for the attachment of spindle fibers during cell division.
Question 89
What process occurs during telophase?
A) Chromosomes are pulled apart.
B) Chromosomes decondense, and the nuclear envelope re-forms.
C) Chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate.
D) DNA is replicated.
Answer: B) Chromosomes decondense, and the nuclear envelope re-forms.
Explanation: During telophase, chromosomes decondense back into chromatin, and the nuclear envelope re-forms around each set of chromosomes.
Question 90
How is genetic variation introduced during meiosis?
A) DNA replication
B) Chromosomal condensation
C) Crossing over and independent assortment
D) Mitosis
Answer: C) Crossing over and independent assortment
Explanation: Genetic variation in meiosis is introduced through crossing over during prophase I and the independent assortment of chromosomes during metaphase I.
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