MCQ 101:
Which structure in the respiratory system is primarily responsible for sound production?
A) Larynx
B) Trachea
C) Bronchi
D) Alveoli
Answer: A) Larynx
Explanation: The larynx, or voice box, contains vocal cords that vibrate to produce sound when air passes through.
MCQ 102:
Which condition is characterized by the presence of fluid in the pleural cavity?
A) Pneumonia
B) Pleural effusion
C) Pulmonary fibrosis
D) Asthma
Answer: B) Pleural effusion
Explanation: Pleural effusion occurs when excess fluid accumulates in the pleural space, which can impair breathing and gas exchange.
MCQ 103:
What is the term for the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation?
A) Tidal volume
B) Vital capacity
C) Expiratory reserve volume
D) Total lung capacity
Answer: B) Vital capacity
Explanation: Vital capacity is the maximum amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a maximum inhalation, reflecting lung function.
MCQ 104:
Which of the following is a common test used to assess lung function?
A) ECG
B) Spirometry
C) X-ray
D) CT scan
Answer: B) Spirometry
Explanation: Spirometry is a common pulmonary function test that measures the volume of air inhaled and exhaled, helping to assess lung function.
MCQ 105:
The movement of gases across the respiratory membrane occurs via:
A) Active transport
B) Diffusion
C) Osmosis
D) Filtration
Answer: B) Diffusion
Explanation: Gas exchange in the lungs occurs through diffusion, where oxygen moves from areas of higher concentration in the alveoli to lower concentration in the blood, and vice versa for carbon dioxide.
MCQ 106:
Which of the following can trigger an asthma attack?
A) Cold air
B) Exercise
C) Allergens
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Asthma attacks can be triggered by a variety of factors, including cold air, exercise, and allergens.
MCQ 107:
The primary function of type II alveolar cells is to:
A) Produce surfactant
B) Facilitate gas exchange
C) Phagocytize pathogens
D) Regulate airflow
Answer: A) Produce surfactant
Explanation: Type II alveolar cells are responsible for producing pulmonary surfactant, which reduces surface tension in the alveoli and prevents collapse.
MCQ 108:
What is the term for the forced expiration of air from the lungs?
A) Inhalation
B) Exhalation
C) Inspiration
D) Ventilation
Answer: B) Exhalation
Explanation: Exhalation refers to the process of expelling air from the lungs.
MCQ 109:
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the lower respiratory tract?
A) Trachea
B) Bronchi
C) Larynx
D) Alveoli
Answer: C) Larynx
Explanation: The larynx is considered part of the upper respiratory tract, while the trachea, bronchi, and alveoli are part of the lower respiratory tract.
MCQ 110:
Which of the following factors can affect respiratory rate?
A) Body temperature
B) Physical activity
C) Emotional state
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Respiratory rate can be influenced by various factors, including body temperature, physical activity levels, and emotional states like anxiety or stress.
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