MCQ 31:
Which type of blood cell is primarily involved in immune responses?
A) Erythrocytes
B) Thrombocytes
C) Leukocytes
D) Plasma cells
Answer: C) Leukocytes
Explanation: Leukocytes, or white blood cells, are critical for the immune system, helping to defend against infections and foreign substances.
MCQ 32:
What is the main purpose of the circulatory system?
A) Digestion
B) Respiration
C) Transportation of substances
D) Excretion
Answer: C) Transportation of substances
Explanation: The circulatory system’s primary function is to transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body.
MCQ 33:
Which of the following is a characteristic of veins?
A) Thick muscular walls
B) Valves to prevent backflow
C) High-pressure blood flow
D) Carry oxygenated blood only
Answer: B) Valves to prevent backflow
Explanation: Veins have valves that prevent the backflow of blood as it returns to the heart, especially from the lower extremities.
MCQ 34:
What is the term for the liquid part of the blood?
A) Serum
B) Plasma
C) Hemoglobin
D) Cytoplasm
Answer: B) Plasma
Explanation: Plasma is the liquid component of blood, in which cells, nutrients, hormones, and waste products are suspended.
MCQ 35:
Which condition is characterized by high blood pressure?
A) Hypotension
B) Hypertension
C) Arrhythmia
D) Anemia
Answer: B) Hypertension
Explanation: Hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure is consistently elevated, which can lead to health problems if untreated.
MCQ 36:
What is the primary role of red blood cells?
A) Immune defense
B) Nutrient transport
C) Oxygen transport
D) Blood clotting
Answer: C) Oxygen transport
Explanation: Red blood cells are specialized for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and returning carbon dioxide to the lungs.
MCQ 37:
What type of circulation supplies blood to the heart muscle itself?
A) Systemic circulation
B) Pulmonary circulation
C) Coronary circulation
D) Lymphatic circulation
Answer: C) Coronary circulation
Explanation: Coronary circulation refers to the flow of blood to and from the tissues of the heart muscle, ensuring it receives the oxygen and nutrients it needs.
MCQ 38:
What is the role of the atrioventricular (AV) node in the heart?
A) To generate impulses
B) To delay impulses between atria and ventricles
C) To pump blood
D) To regulate blood pressure
Answer: B) To delay impulses between atria and ventricles
Explanation: The AV node acts as a gatekeeper, delaying electrical impulses from the atria before they pass to the ventricles, allowing the atria to fully contract before the ventricles.
MCQ 39:
Which electrolyte is crucial for muscle contraction and nerve function?
A) Calcium
B) Sodium
C) Potassium
D) Magnesium
Answer: A) Calcium
Explanation: Calcium is essential for muscle contraction and plays a vital role in transmitting nerve impulses, as well as in various cellular processes.
MCQ 40:
What is the process of blood cell production called?
A) Hemostasis
B) Hematopoiesis
C) Hemolysis
D) Homeostasis
Answer: B) Hematopoiesis
Explanation: Hematopoiesis is the process by which blood cells are produced in the bone marrow, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
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