- Which of the following laws in India is related to wildlife protection?
a) Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
b) Forest Conservation Act, 1980
c) Environment Protection Act, 1986
d) Indian Forest Act, 1927
Answer: a) Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
Explanation: The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, is India’s primary legal instrument for the protection of wildlife, focusing on the conservation of species and their habitats.
- What percentage of Earth’s surface is covered by biodiversity hotspots?
a) 2%
b) 5%
c) 8%
d) 10%
Answer: a) 2%
Explanation: Biodiversity hotspots cover only about 2% of the Earth’s surface but are home to over 50% of the world’s endemic plant species and 42% of terrestrial vertebrate species.
- The Indian government launched Project Tiger in:
a) 1968
b) 1973
c) 1980
d) 1992
Answer: b) 1973
Explanation: Project Tiger was launched by the Indian government in 1973 to protect the Bengal tiger and its habitat, helping to stabilize tiger populations.
- The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) focuses on:
a) Forest conservation only
b) Wildlife conservation only
c) The conservation of biodiversity and reduction of human impact on the environment
d) Marine life conservation only
Answer: c) The conservation of biodiversity and reduction of human impact on the environment
Explanation: WWF is an international organization working on biodiversity conservation, sustainable development, and reducing human environmental impact.
- In a biosphere reserve, the zone which is meant for human settlements and other activities is called:
a) Core zone
b) Buffer zone
c) Transition zone
d) Peripheral zone
Answer: c) Transition zone
Explanation: The transition zone in a biosphere reserve is where human activities such as settlements, agriculture, and tourism are allowed while promoting sustainable resource use.
- The Ramsar Convention is related to the conservation of:
a) Coral reefs
b) Forests
c) Wetlands
d) Desert ecosystems
Answer: c) Wetlands
Explanation: The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands, aiming to halt the loss of wetlands and ensure their wise use.
- Which of the following is NOT a major objective of biodiversity conservation?
a) Preserving species diversity
b) Sustainable utilization of species
c) Eliminating certain species
d) Maintaining ecological processes
Answer: c) Eliminating certain species
Explanation: Biodiversity conservation focuses on preserving species, their sustainable use, and maintaining natural processes, not eliminating species.
- The introduction of which of the following into a new environment can lead to the loss of biodiversity?
a) Endemic species
b) Exotic species
c) Native species
d) Keystone species
Answer: b) Exotic species
Explanation: Exotic species (non-native species) can become invasive and disrupt local ecosystems, leading to the decline or extinction of native species.
- Which of the following is considered an indirect value of biodiversity?
a) Ecosystem services
b) Food
c) Medicine
d) Fiber
Answer: a) Ecosystem services
Explanation: Indirect values of biodiversity include ecosystem services such as pollination, climate regulation, and water purification, which support human life without directly providing material benefits like food or fiber.
- Cryopreservation is used for:
a) Storing seeds at room temperature
b) Storing plant tissues at ultra-low temperatures
c) Preserving fossil specimens
d) Growing plants in tissue culture
Answer: b) Storing plant tissues at ultra-low temperatures
Explanation: Cryopreservation involves preserving biological materials, such as plant tissues or seeds, at extremely low temperatures (below -150°C) for long-term conservation.
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