- Which tissue is known for providing flexible support to plant organs like stems and leaves?
a) Parenchyma
b) Collenchyma
c) Sclerenchyma
d) Xylem
Answer: b) Collenchyma
Explanation: Collenchyma provides flexible structural support to growing plant organs, such as stems and leaves, allowing them to bend without breaking.
- The cork cambium is responsible for the formation of:
a) Primary xylem
b) Cork and secondary cortex
c) Secondary phloem
d) Vascular bundles
Answer: b) Cork and secondary cortex
Explanation: Cork cambium (phellogen) produces cork (phellem) towards the outside and phelloderm (secondary cortex) towards the inside during secondary growth.
- The tissue responsible for the transport of organic nutrients in plants is:
a) Xylem
b) Phloem
c) Sclerenchyma
d) Parenchyma
Answer: b) Phloem
Explanation: Phloem is responsible for the transport of organic nutrients, mainly sucrose, from the leaves (where photosynthesis occurs) to other parts of the plant.
- Which cells are responsible for the transport of water in xylem?
a) Sieve tubes
b) Companion cells
c) Tracheids and vessels
d) Phloem fibers
Answer: c) Tracheids and vessels
Explanation: Tracheids and vessels are specialized cells in xylem that facilitate the transport of water and dissolved minerals from roots to shoots.
- The cambium that is involved in increasing the diameter of a stem or root is known as:
a) Apical meristem
b) Lateral meristem
c) Cork cambium
d) Intercalary meristem
Answer: b) Lateral meristem
Explanation: Lateral meristem, such as the vascular cambium and cork cambium, is involved in secondary growth, which increases the diameter of the stem and root.
- Which of the following is NOT a function of parenchyma cells?
a) Photosynthesis
b) Storage
c) Conduction of water
d) Wound healing
Answer: c) Conduction of water
Explanation: Parenchyma cells perform various functions such as storage, photosynthesis, and wound healing, but they do not conduct water. Water conduction is the function of xylem.
- Which tissue is formed during secondary growth?
a) Primary xylem
b) Primary phloem
c) Secondary xylem
d) Epidermis
Answer: c) Secondary xylem
Explanation: Secondary xylem is formed by the vascular cambium during secondary growth, which increases the thickness of stems and roots.
- Which of the following is NOT found in monocot stems?
a) Vascular bundles arranged in a ring
b) Scattered vascular bundles
c) Closed vascular bundles
d) Presence of a ground tissue system
Answer: a) Vascular bundles arranged in a ring
Explanation: In monocot stems, vascular bundles are scattered throughout the ground tissue, whereas in dicot stems, they are arranged in a ring.
- In which plant organ would you find pericycle?
a) Leaf
b) Root
c) Flower
d) Stem
Answer: b) Root
Explanation: The pericycle is a layer of cells found in the roots, located just inside the endodermis. It plays a role in the formation of lateral roots.
- The presence of which structure distinguishes a dicot root from a monocot root?
a) Pith
b) Pericycle
c) Xylem and phloem
d) Radial vascular bundles
Answer: a) Pith
Explanation: In monocot roots, there is a large, well-developed pith, whereas in dicot roots, the pith is usually absent or very small.
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