- Which principle explains why gases occupy more volume at higher temperatures?
A) The ideal gas law.
B) The law of conservation of mass.
C) The law of buoyancy.
D) Charles’s Law.
Answer: D) Charles’s Law.
Explanation: Charles’s Law explains that gas volume increases with temperature when pressure is held constant.
- The mean free path is defined as:
A) The average distance a gas travels before it hits a wall.
B) The distance between gas molecules.
C) The average distance a molecule travels between collisions.
D) The distance a gas expands.
Answer: C) The average distance a molecule travels between collisions.
Explanation: The mean free path is the average distance traveled by a molecule between successive collisions.
- The behavior of real gases deviates from ideal gases at:
A) High temperatures and low pressures.
B) Low temperatures and high pressures.
C) Moderate temperatures and pressures.
D) None of the above.
Answer: B) Low temperatures and high pressures.
Explanation: Real gases deviate from ideal behavior under conditions of low temperature and high pressure due to increased intermolecular forces and reduced volume effects.
- What is the relationship between pressure and temperature for a fixed amount of gas in a rigid container?
A) Directly proportional.
B) Inversely proportional.
C) No relationship.
D) Exponentially related.
Answer: A) Directly proportional.
Explanation: For a fixed amount of gas in a rigid container, pressure is directly proportional to temperature, as described by Gay-Lussac’s Law.
- The unit of pressure in the ideal gas law is typically:
A) Atmospheres (atm).
B) Pascals (Pa).
C) Torr.
D) All of the above.
Answer: D) All of the above.
Explanation: Pressure can be expressed in various units, including atmospheres, pascals, and torr, all of which are valid in the ideal gas law.
- Which of the following properties does NOT characterize an ideal gas?
A) Negligible volume of gas molecules.
B) Perfectly elastic collisions.
C) Strong intermolecular forces.
D) Random motion of molecules.
Answer: C) Strong intermolecular forces.
Explanation: An ideal gas assumes negligible intermolecular forces, allowing for the behavior predicted by the kinetic theory.
- The concept of “pressure” can be defined as:
A) Force per unit area.
B) Mass per unit volume.
C) Energy per unit volume.
D) Temperature per unit volume.
Answer: A) Force per unit area.
Explanation: Pressure is defined as the force exerted per unit area on the walls of a container by gas molecules.
- In a gas mixture, the partial pressure of a gas is defined as:
A) The total pressure of the mixture.
B) The pressure that the gas would exert if it occupied the entire volume alone.
C) The sum of all individual gas pressures.
D) The pressure at which the gas condenses.
Answer: B) The pressure that the gas would exert if it occupied the entire volume alone.
Explanation: The partial pressure is the pressure that a gas would exert if it were alone in the same volume.
- The speed of sound in a gas is determined primarily by:
A) The density and temperature of the gas.
B) The molar mass only.
C) The pressure only.
D) The volume of the gas.
Answer: A) The density and temperature of the gas.
Explanation: The speed of sound in a gas is influenced by its density and temperature, with higher temperatures leading to faster sound speeds.
- When the volume of a gas is decreased while keeping the temperature constant, what happens to the pressure?
A) It decreases.
B) It remains the same.
C) It increases.
D) It becomes zero.
Answer: C) It increases.
Explanation: According to Boyle’s Law, reducing the volume of a gas while keeping the temperature constant increases the pressure.
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