MCQ 61:
What is the primary function of a biosphere reserve?
A) To promote urban development
B) To protect biodiversity and promote sustainable use of natural resources
C) To increase agricultural production
D) To enhance fossil fuel extraction
Answer: B) To protect biodiversity and promote sustainable use of natural resources
Explanation: Biosphere reserves are designated areas that aim to protect biodiversity while promoting sustainable practices for resource use.
MCQ 62:
Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem service?
A) Urbanization
B) Pollination of crops
C) Industrial waste production
D) Deforestation
Answer: B) Pollination of crops
Explanation: Ecosystem services are benefits provided by ecosystems, such as pollination, which supports agriculture and enhances food production.
MCQ 63:
What is the primary goal of habitat conservation?
A) To promote industrialization
B) To enhance resource extraction
C) To protect endangered species and their habitats
D) To increase urban development
Answer: C) To protect endangered species and their habitats
Explanation: Habitat conservation focuses on protecting ecosystems and natural habitats to ensure the survival of endangered species and maintain biodiversity.
MCQ 64:
What is the primary impact of ocean acidification on marine life?
A) Increased coral growth
B) Enhanced fish populations
C) Reduced calcification in shellfish and corals
D) Stabilization of marine ecosystems
Answer: C) Reduced calcification in shellfish and corals
Explanation: Ocean acidification lowers the pH of seawater, making it more difficult for marine organisms like shellfish and corals to form their calcium carbonate structures.
MCQ 65:
Which of the following is a characteristic of a sustainable city?
A) High energy consumption
B) Efficient public transportation systems
C) Increased air pollution
D) Urban sprawl
Answer: B) Efficient public transportation systems
Explanation: Sustainable cities prioritize efficient public transportation, reducing reliance on cars, minimizing emissions, and promoting a lower environmental impact.
MCQ 66:
What is the main cause of soil salinization?
A) Overgrazing
B) Excessive irrigation
C) Organic farming
D) Crop rotation
Answer: B) Excessive irrigation
Explanation: Excessive irrigation can lead to soil salinization, where salts accumulate in the soil, negatively impacting crop yields and soil health.
MCQ 67:
Which of the following is an effect of climate change on agriculture?
A) Increased crop yields universally
B) Shift in planting seasons
C) Stabilized food prices
D) Decreased pest populations
Answer: B) Shift in planting seasons
Explanation: Climate change can alter temperature and precipitation patterns, leading to shifts in planting and harvesting seasons, affecting agricultural productivity.
MCQ 68:
What is the significance of the green belt around urban areas?
A) It increases urban sprawl.
B) It serves as a buffer to protect natural areas from urban development.
C) It promotes industrial growth.
D) It decreases air quality.
Answer: B) It serves as a buffer to protect natural areas from urban development.
Explanation: Green belts help limit urban sprawl, protect natural habitats, and provide recreational spaces, promoting ecological health in urban regions.
MCQ 69:
Which of the following is a primary goal of wildlife corridors?
A) To increase urbanization
B) To connect fragmented habitats
C) To promote industrial development
D) To reduce biodiversity
Answer: B) To connect fragmented habitats
Explanation: Wildlife corridors are designed to connect fragmented habitats, allowing species to migrate safely, maintain genetic diversity, and access resources.
MCQ 70:
What is the primary cause of the depletion of the ozone layer?
A) Carbon dioxide emissions
B) CFCs and halons
C) Methane emissions
D) Nitrogen oxide pollution
Answer: B) CFCs and halons
Explanation: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons are chemicals that contribute to ozone layer depletion, leading to increased UV radiation reaching the Earth’s surface.
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