MCQ 31:
Which of the following is a direct effect of global warming?
A) Increased agricultural yield everywhere
B) More extreme weather events
C) Stabilization of ocean currents
D) Decrease in sea levels
Answer: B) More extreme weather events
Explanation: Global warming is linked to an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, droughts, and heatwaves.
MCQ 32:
Which type of energy does NOT produce greenhouse gases?
A) Natural gas
B) Coal
C) Solar energy
D) Oil
Answer: C) Solar energy
Explanation: Solar energy is a clean and renewable energy source that does not produce greenhouse gases during its generation, unlike fossil fuels such as natural gas, coal, and oil.
MCQ 33:
What is the primary method used to assess the health of an ecosystem?
A) Species diversity index
B) Carbon footprint calculation
C) Economic impact analysis
D) Energy consumption rate
Answer: A) Species diversity index
Explanation: The species diversity index measures the variety and abundance of species in an ecosystem, providing insight into its overall health and stability.
MCQ 34:
Which of the following practices can lead to soil degradation?
A) Crop rotation
B) No-till farming
C) Over-irrigation
D) Organic farming
Answer: C) Over-irrigation
Explanation: Over-irrigation can lead to soil degradation by causing waterlogging, salinization, and loss of soil fertility, negatively impacting agricultural productivity.
MCQ 35:
What is the primary environmental concern associated with hydraulic fracturing (fracking)?
A) Increased carbon emissions
B) Groundwater contamination
C) Deforestation
D) Loss of biodiversity
Answer: B) Groundwater contamination
Explanation: Fracking poses significant risks of groundwater contamination due to the chemicals used in the fracturing fluid, which can seep into aquifers and affect drinking water sources.
MCQ 36:
Which of the following is considered a sustainable practice in forestry?
A) Clear-cutting
B) Selective logging
C) Monoculture planting
D) Deforestation
Answer: B) Selective logging
Explanation: Selective logging involves harvesting certain trees while preserving the overall forest structure, allowing for regeneration and maintaining biodiversity, making it a more sustainable practice than clear-cutting.
MCQ 37:
Which of the following is a significant source of plastic pollution in the ocean?
A) Agricultural runoff
B) Marine transportation
C) Improper waste disposal
D) Natural disasters
Answer: C) Improper waste disposal
Explanation: Improper waste disposal, including littering and inadequate waste management systems, contributes significantly to plastic pollution in oceans, harming marine life and ecosystems.
MCQ 38:
Which of the following energy sources is considered the least polluting?
A) Coal
B) Natural gas
C) Solar power
D) Oil
Answer: C) Solar power
Explanation: Solar power is considered one of the least polluting energy sources because it generates electricity without emitting greenhouse gases during operation.
MCQ 39:
What is the primary goal of conservation biology?
A) To increase human population
B) To enhance agricultural practices
C) To protect biodiversity
D) To promote urban development
Answer: C) To protect biodiversity
Explanation: Conservation biology focuses on understanding and protecting biodiversity, addressing threats to species and ecosystems to ensure their survival and health.
MCQ 40:
Which of the following is a significant consequence of ocean warming?
A) Decreased sea levels
B) Coral bleaching
C) Increased fish populations
D) Enhanced biodiversity
Answer: B) Coral bleaching
Explanation: Ocean warming can lead to coral bleaching, a phenomenon where corals expel the algae living in their tissues, causing them to turn white and lose their primary food source, leading to coral death.
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