MCQ 141:
What is the main source of freshwater for human consumption?
A) Oceans
B) Rivers and lakes
C) Groundwater
D) Glaciers
Answer: C) Groundwater
Explanation: Groundwater is a significant source of freshwater for human consumption, providing drinking water and irrigation for agriculture.
MCQ 142:
What is the term for the gradual change in species composition in an ecosystem over time?
A) Evolution
B) Ecological succession
C) Extinction
D) Biodiversity
Answer: B) Ecological succession
Explanation: Ecological succession is the process by which ecosystems change and develop over time, involving a gradual replacement of one community by another.
MCQ 143:
What is the main objective of habitat restoration projects?
A) To promote urban development
B) To recreate and rehabilitate natural habitats
C) To increase industrial activities
D) To enhance agricultural production
Answer: B) To recreate and rehabilitate natural habitats
Explanation: Habitat restoration projects aim to restore and rehabilitate degraded ecosystems to support wildlife and improve biodiversity.
MCQ 144:
What is the primary cause of the greenhouse effect?
A) Increased solar activity
B) Emission of greenhouse gases from human activities
C) Decreased atmospheric gases
D) Natural climatic cycles
Answer: B) Emission of greenhouse gases from human activities
Explanation: The greenhouse effect is primarily caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, trapping heat and leading to global warming.
MCQ 145:
Which of the following is a significant source of methane emissions?
A) Forests
B) Landfills
C) Solar power plants
D) Wind turbines
Answer: B) Landfills
Explanation: Landfills produce methane as organic waste decomposes anaerobically, making them a significant source of this potent greenhouse gas.
MCQ 146:
What is the primary focus of ecosystem management?
A) Maximizing short-term profits
B) Balancing ecological, economic, and social objectives
C) Promoting industrial growth
D) Increasing resource extraction
Answer: B) Balancing ecological, economic, and social objectives
Explanation: Ecosystem management aims to maintain ecosystem health while considering economic and social needs, promoting sustainability.
MCQ 147:
Which of the following is an effect of ocean warming on marine ecosystems?
A) Increased coral bleaching
B) Stabilized fish populations
C) Enhanced marine biodiversity
D) Improved water quality
Answer: A) Increased coral bleaching
Explanation: Ocean warming causes coral bleaching, which occurs when corals expel the algae that provide them with nutrients, leading to coral stress and mortality.
MCQ 148:
What is the primary reason for implementing energy efficiency measures?
A) To increase energy consumption
B) To reduce energy waste and lower greenhouse gas emissions
C) To promote fossil fuel use
D) To enhance industrial growth
Answer: B) To reduce energy waste and lower greenhouse gas emissions
Explanation: Energy efficiency measures aim to reduce energy consumption, which helps decrease greenhouse gas emissions and save resources.
MCQ 149:
What is the main goal of the Paris Agreement?
A) To promote fossil fuel extraction
B) To limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels
C) To increase industrial pollution
D) To enhance resource consumption
Answer: B) To limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels
Explanation: The Paris Agreement aims to unite countries in the effort to combat climate change and limit global temperature rise.
MCQ 150:
What is the term for the illegal trade of endangered species and their products?
A) Bioprospecting
B) Biopiracy
C) Wildlife trafficking
D) Conservation
Answer: C) Wildlife trafficking
Explanation: Wildlife trafficking refers to the illegal trade of endangered species and their products, posing significant threats to biodiversity.
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