Question 11:
Which of the following metals is extracted using the Bayer process?
A) Copper
B) Aluminum
C) Zinc
D) Iron
Answer: B) Aluminum
Explanation: The Bayer process is used for extracting aluminum from bauxite ore. It involves dissolving aluminum oxide in sodium hydroxide and precipitating aluminum hydroxide.
Question 12:
In which process is an electrolytic cell used to produce zinc?
A) Carbon reduction
B) Hydrometallurgical extraction
C) Pyrometallurgy
D) Amalgamation
Answer: B) Hydrometallurgical extraction
Explanation: Zinc is commonly extracted from its ores using hydrometallurgical methods, which include leaching followed by electrolytic refining to purify the metal.
Question 13:
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a blast furnace?
A) Low temperature operation
B) Continuous feed system
C) No emissions
D) Simple batch processing
Answer: B) Continuous feed system
Explanation: A blast furnace operates continuously and allows for the continuous feeding of raw materials, such as iron ore, coke, and limestone, to produce molten iron.
Question 14:
What type of alloy is formed when zinc is added to copper?
A) Bronze
B) Brass
C) Steel
D) Pewter
Answer: B) Brass
Explanation: Brass is an alloy made primarily of copper and zinc. It has desirable properties such as corrosion resistance and improved machinability.
Question 15:
What is calcination primarily used for in metallurgy?
A) Melting ores
B) Decomposing carbonate ores
C) Removing impurities
D) Alloying metals
Answer: B) Decomposing carbonate ores
Explanation: Calcination involves heating carbonate ores to drive off carbon dioxide, resulting in the formation of metal oxides, which can then be reduced to extract the metal.
Question 16:
Which of the following metals can be extracted by electrolysis of its molten chloride?
A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Magnesium
D) Calcium
Answer: A) Sodium
Explanation: Sodium can be extracted through the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride (NaCl). The process involves the reduction of sodium ions at the cathode.
Question 17:
Which metallurgical process is commonly used for the extraction of gold?
A) Leaching
B) Electrolysis
C) Smelting
D) Sintering
Answer: A) Leaching
Explanation: Leaching, particularly cyanide leaching, is a common method for extracting gold from ores, where cyanide solution dissolves gold from the ore.
Question 18:
In metallurgy, what is a “slag”?
A) The metallic product of smelting
B) The non-metallic byproduct of smelting
C) The flux used in smelting
D) The ore before processing
Answer: B) The non-metallic byproduct of smelting
Explanation: Slag is the non-metallic byproduct formed during the smelting of ores. It consists of impurities that have been removed from the metal during the process.
Question 19:
Which of the following is used as a catalyst in the Haber process for ammonia synthesis?
A) Iron
B) Nickel
C) Cobalt
D) Platinum
Answer: A) Iron
Explanation: Iron is commonly used as a catalyst in the Haber process, which synthesizes ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases under high pressure and temperature.
Question 20:
What type of bonding is primarily found in metals?
A) Ionic bonding
B) Covalent bonding
C) Metallic bonding
D) Hydrogen bonding
Answer: C) Metallic bonding
Explanation: Metals exhibit metallic bonding, characterized by a sea of delocalized electrons that allow for electrical conductivity and malleability.
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