81. Which of the following human activities is a major contributor to methane (CH₄) emissions?
- A. Cement production
- B. Livestock farming
- C. Hydroelectric power generation
- D. Nuclear energy production
Answer: B. Livestock farming
Explanation:
Livestock farming, especially the digestive processes of ruminants like cows, is a significant source of methane (CH₄) emissions, contributing to global warming.
82. Which of the following ecosystems acts as a carbon sink by absorbing CO₂ from the atmosphere?
- A. Deserts
- B. Wetlands
- C. Grasslands
- D. Urban areas
Answer: B. Wetlands
Explanation:
Wetlands act as an important carbon sink by absorbing large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and storing it in plant biomass and soil, reducing the amount of CO₂ in the atmosphere.
83. Which of the following gases is primarily responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer?
- A. Methane (CH₄)
- B. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- C. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
- D. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
Answer: C. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Explanation:
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are chemicals that have been the primary cause of ozone layer depletion, which protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
84. Which of the following is an effective method for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in urban areas?
- A. Increasing industrial activity
- B. Encouraging the use of public transportation
- C. Expanding road networks
- D. Increasing the use of coal for power generation
Answer: B. Encouraging the use of public transportation
Explanation:
Public transportation reduces the number of private vehicles on the road, leading to lower emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, which contributes to global warming.
85. Which of the following natural processes removes carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere?
- A. Volcanic eruptions
- B. Photosynthesis
- C. Fossil fuel combustion
- D. Ocean evaporation
Answer: B. Photosynthesis
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is a natural process by which plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere and convert it into oxygen and glucose, thereby acting as a carbon sink.
86. Which of the following is considered a long-term strategy for mitigating climate change?
- A. Increasing fossil fuel extraction
- B. Investing in renewable energy sources
- C. Building more coal power plants
- D. Reducing reforestation efforts
Answer: B. Investing in renewable energy sources
Explanation:
Renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydropower provide clean energy with minimal greenhouse gas emissions, making them a critical long-term strategy for mitigating climate change.
87. Which sector of the economy is the largest consumer of energy globally?
- A. Transportation
- B. Industry
- C. Agriculture
- D. Residential
Answer: B. Industry
Explanation:
The industrial sector is the largest consumer of energy globally, particularly in manufacturing, processing, and construction activities, which require large amounts of energy.
88. Which of the following gases is released during volcanic eruptions and contributes to both global cooling and warming?
- A. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- B. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
- C. Methane (CH₄)
- D. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
Answer: B. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
Explanation:
Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) from volcanic eruptions can cause global cooling by reflecting sunlight back into space, but it also contributes to global warming when it forms aerosols that trap heat.
89. Which of the following strategies is most effective in protecting coastal areas from sea-level rise due to climate change?
- A. Constructing seawalls and levees
- B. Encouraging deforestation
- C. Expanding coastal urbanization
- D. Reducing renewable energy investments
Answer: A. Constructing seawalls and levees
Explanation:
Seawalls and levees are built to protect coastal areas from the impacts of sea-level rise caused by climate change, reducing the risk of flooding and storm surges.
90. Which of the following gases is produced by vehicles and is a major contributor to urban smog?
- A. Methane (CH₄)
- B. Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ)
- C. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆)
- D. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)
Answer: B. Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ)
Explanation:
Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) are produced by vehicles during fuel combustion and contribute to the formation of urban smog and ground-level ozone.
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