61. Which of the following can act as both a carbon source and a carbon sink?
- A. Oceans
- B. Forests
- C. Volcanoes
- D. None of the above
Answer: B. Forests
Explanation:
Forests can act as both a carbon source (when trees are burned or decay) and a carbon sink (when they absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis).
62. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a body that provides:
- A. Legal frameworks for carbon trading
- B. Scientific assessments on climate change
- C. Funding for renewable energy projects
- D. Enforcement of international climate treaties
Answer: B. Scientific assessments on climate change
Explanation:
The IPCC is an international body that provides scientific assessments on climate change, including its causes, potential impacts, and strategies for mitigation and adaptation.
63. Which of the following practices is considered a form of carbon sequestration?
- A. Fracking
- B. Reforestation
- C. Deforestation
- D. Industrial farming
Answer: B. Reforestation
Explanation:
Reforestation is a form of carbon sequestration because planting trees increases the number of plants that can absorb carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere through photosynthesis.
64. Which of the following gases has the highest global warming potential (GWP) over a 100-year period?
- A. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- B. Methane (CH₄)
- C. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- D. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
Answer: D. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
Explanation:
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) have a much higher global warming potential (GWP) than carbon dioxide and methane, making them extremely potent greenhouse gases over a 100-year period.
65. The melting of permafrost in polar regions is concerning because it can release which greenhouse gas?
- A. Methane (CH₄)
- B. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- C. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- D. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆)
Answer: A. Methane (CH₄)
Explanation:
The melting of permafrost releases trapped methane (CH₄), a potent greenhouse gas, which can accelerate global warming through positive feedback loops.
66. Which renewable energy source relies on the heat from within the Earth to generate electricity?
- A. Hydropower
- B. Geothermal energy
- C. Solar energy
- D. Biomass energy
Answer: B. Geothermal energy
Explanation:
Geothermal energy utilizes the heat from within the Earth to generate electricity, offering a reliable and sustainable energy source with minimal greenhouse gas emissions.
67. Which of the following gases does not contribute to global warming?
- A. Nitrogen (N₂)
- B. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- C. Methane (CH₄)
- D. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
Answer: A. Nitrogen (N₂)
Explanation:
Nitrogen (N₂) is an inert gas that makes up about 78% of the Earth’s atmosphere and does not contribute to the greenhouse effect or global warming.
68. Which country is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases globally?
- A. India
- B. United States
- C. China
- D. Russia
Answer: C. China
Explanation:
China is currently the largest emitter of greenhouse gases globally, primarily due to its vast industrial output and reliance on coal for energy production.
69. Which of the following energy sources does not produce carbon dioxide during its use?
- A. Biomass energy
- B. Natural gas
- C. Nuclear energy
- D. Coal
Answer: C. Nuclear energy
Explanation:
Nuclear energy does not produce carbon dioxide during electricity generation, making it a low-carbon energy source despite concerns about radioactive waste.
70. Which of the following is the most abundant greenhouse gas in the Earth’s atmosphere?
- A. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- B. Water vapor (H₂O)
- C. Methane (CH₄)
- D. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
Answer: B. Water vapor (H₂O)
Explanation:
Water vapor is the most abundant greenhouse gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, but its concentration is influenced by temperature rather than direct human activity.
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