51. The increased concentration of which gas is primarily responsible for ocean acidification?
- A. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- B. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
- C. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- D. Methane (CH₄)
Answer: C. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
Explanation:
The increasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere are absorbed by oceans, leading to ocean acidification, which threatens marine ecosystems and species.
52. Which human activity is most responsible for the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂)?
- A. Deforestation
- B. Industrial agriculture
- C. Burning of fossil fuels
- D. Urbanization
Answer: C. Burning of fossil fuels
Explanation:
The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, is the primary human activity contributing to the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels.
53. Which gas is released during deforestation and contributes to the greenhouse effect?
- A. Nitrogen (N₂)
- B. Methane (CH₄)
- C. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- D. Oxygen (O₂)
Answer: C. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
Explanation:
Deforestation results in the release of carbon dioxide (CO₂) when trees are cut down or burned. Forests act as carbon sinks, and their destruction releases stored carbon, contributing to global warming.
54. Which of the following can be considered a carbon sink?
- A. Industrial factories
- B. Oceans
- C. Power plants
- D. Transportation systems
Answer: B. Oceans
Explanation:
Oceans are a major carbon sink that absorb and store a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere, helping to regulate global carbon levels.
55. The loss of which of the following will most significantly contribute to rising sea levels?
- A. Arctic sea ice
- B. Antarctic ice sheet
- C. Permafrost
- D. Mountaintop glaciers
Answer: B. Antarctic ice sheet
Explanation:
The melting of the Antarctic ice sheet is a major concern for rising sea levels, as it holds a significant amount of Earth’s freshwater. If it melts, it could raise sea levels by several meters.
56. Which of the following renewable energy sources has the least environmental impact during operation?
- A. Biomass energy
- B. Wind energy
- C. Hydroelectric energy
- D. Geothermal energy
Answer: B. Wind energy
Explanation:
Wind energy has the least environmental impact during operation because it does not produce greenhouse gas emissions or pollutants, and it relies on the natural movement of air to generate electricity.
57. Which of the following gases is not a greenhouse gas but contributes to air pollution?
- A. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
- B. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- C. Methane (CH₄)
- D. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
Answer: A. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
Explanation:
Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is not a greenhouse gas but is a major air pollutant that contributes to acid rain and respiratory problems. It is emitted primarily from the burning of fossil fuels containing sulfur.
58. Which region of the world is expected to experience the most severe effects of climate change?
- A. Northern Europe
- B. Sub-Saharan Africa
- C. Antarctica
- D. Australia
Answer: B. Sub-Saharan Africa
Explanation:
Sub-Saharan Africa is expected to experience some of the most severe effects of climate change, including droughts, food insecurity, and increased vulnerability to extreme weather events.
59. Which of the following human activities is a major source of nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions?
- A. Transportation
- B. Agriculture
- C. Cement production
- D. Logging
Answer: B. Agriculture
Explanation:
Agriculture is a major source of nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, particularly due to the use of nitrogen-based fertilizers and manure management, which release N₂O into the atmosphere.
60. Which international agreement aimed to phase out the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)?
- A. Kyoto Protocol
- B. Paris Agreement
- C. Montreal Protocol
- D. Nagoya Protocol
Answer: C. Montreal Protocol
Explanation:
The Montreal Protocol is an international agreement that was designed to phase out the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other ozone-depleting substances, helping to protect the ozone layer.
Leave a comment