41. Which of the following is a greenhouse gas but is not considered harmful to the ozone layer?
- A. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- B. Methane (CH₄)
- C. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
- D. Carbon tetrachloride
Answer: B. Methane (CH₄)
Explanation:
Methane (CH₄) is a potent greenhouse gas, but it does not significantly contribute to ozone layer depletion, unlike chlorofluorocarbons and nitrous oxide.
42. Which of the following is a major impact of rising sea levels caused by global warming?
- A. Coral bleaching
- B. Displacement of human populations
- C. Increased ocean productivity
- D. Formation of new landmasses
Answer: B. Displacement of human populations
Explanation:
Rising sea levels due to global warming can cause the flooding of coastal areas, leading to the displacement of human populations living in low-lying regions, loss of habitats, and damage to infrastructure.
43. Which of the following statements is true about renewable energy sources?
- A. They always produce some level of greenhouse gas emissions.
- B. They have minimal or no greenhouse gas emissions during operation.
- C. They are limited to certain countries with natural resources.
- D. They cannot be scaled up to meet global energy demand.
Answer: B. They have minimal or no greenhouse gas emissions during operation.
Explanation:
Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power produce little to no greenhouse gas emissions during operation, making them a crucial tool in fighting global warming.
44. The thinning of the ozone layer mainly occurs over which region of the Earth?
- A. Arctic
- B. Tropics
- C. Antarctic
- D. Equator
Answer: C. Antarctic
Explanation:
The most severe thinning of the ozone layer occurs over the Antarctic, particularly during the Southern Hemisphere’s spring, creating what is known as the “ozone hole.”
45. Which of the following gases contributes to ocean acidification when dissolved in seawater?
- A. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- B. Nitrogen (N₂)
- C. Oxygen (O₂)
- D. Methane (CH₄)
Answer: A. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
Explanation:
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) dissolves in seawater to form carbonic acid, leading to ocean acidification, which negatively impacts marine life, particularly organisms with calcium carbonate shells or skeletons.
46. Which of the following gases is a major cause of the greenhouse effect and is also produced naturally in wetlands?
- A. Ozone (O₃)
- B. Methane (CH₄)
- C. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- D. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
Answer: B. Methane (CH₄)
Explanation:
Methane (CH₄) is a potent greenhouse gas and is produced naturally in wetlands through anaerobic decomposition of organic matter.
47. Which of the following is an international treaty focused on reducing greenhouse gas emissions?
- A. Kyoto Protocol
- B. Montreal Protocol
- C. Nagoya Protocol
- D. Basel Convention
Answer: A. Kyoto Protocol
Explanation:
The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions by setting binding emission reduction targets for industrialized countries.
48. Which of the following gases has the highest global warming potential (GWP) over a 100-year period?
- A. Methane (CH₄)
- B. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- C. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- D. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆)
Answer: D. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆)
Explanation:
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) has the highest global warming potential (GWP) of any known gas, with a GWP of 23,500 over a 100-year period, far exceeding other greenhouse gases.
49. Which of the following industries is the largest contributor to anthropogenic CO₂ emissions?
- A. Transportation
- B. Agriculture
- C. Energy production
- D. Waste management
Answer: C. Energy production
Explanation:
The energy production industry, particularly through the burning of fossil fuels for electricity and heat, is the largest contributor to anthropogenic CO₂ emissions globally.
50. Which of the following processes releases methane (CH₄) into the atmosphere?
- A. Combustion of natural gas
- B. Coal mining
- C. Rice cultivation
- D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
Explanation:
Methane (CH₄) is released into the atmosphere from a variety of processes, including combustion of natural gas, coal mining, and rice cultivation, making it a significant contributor to global warming.
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