91. Which of the following climate impacts is expected to increase the risk of wildfires in some regions?
- A. Ocean acidification
- B. Droughts and rising temperatures
- C. Increased rainfall
- D. Ozone layer recovery
Answer: B. Droughts and rising temperatures
Explanation:
Droughts and rising temperatures associated with climate change are expected to increase the frequency and intensity of wildfires in vulnerable regions.
92. Which of the following practices is crucial for climate adaptation in agriculture?
- A. Expanding monoculture farming
- B. Improving irrigation efficiency
- C. Reducing crop diversity
- D. Increasing chemical pesticide use
Answer: B. Improving irrigation efficiency
Explanation:
Improving irrigation efficiency helps farmers adapt to climate change by optimizing water use, especially in regions facing increased water scarcity due to rising temperatures.
93. Which of the following pollutants is associated with both climate change and respiratory health issues?
- A. Methane (CH₄)
- B. Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ)
- C. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
- D. Nitrogen (N₂)
Answer: B. Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ)
Explanation:
Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) contribute to ground-level ozone, a greenhouse gas and air pollutant, which causes respiratory health issues such as asthma and bronchitis.
94. Which of the following pollutants leads to acid rain formation?
- A. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- B. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
- C. Methane (CH₄)
- D. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
Answer: B. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
Explanation:
Sulfur dioxide (SO₂), when released into the atmosphere, combines with water vapor to form sulfuric acid, leading to acid rain that damages ecosystems and infrastructure.
95. Which international climate agreement replaced the Kyoto Protocol in 2015?
- A. Paris Agreement
- B. Montreal Protocol
- C. Nagoya Protocol
- D. Basel Convention
Answer: A. Paris Agreement
Explanation:
The Paris Agreement was adopted in 2015 and replaced the Kyoto Protocol. It aims to limit global warming to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.
96. Which greenhouse gas is the most abundant in the Earth’s atmosphere due to human activities?
- A. Methane (CH₄)
- B. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- C. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- D. Water vapor (H₂O)
Answer: C. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
Explanation:
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the most abundant greenhouse gas emitted by human activities, primarily through the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.
97. Which of the following gases is responsible for the warming of the Earth’s atmosphere and is regulated under the Montreal Protocol?
- A. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- B. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
- C. Methane (CH₄)
- D. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
Answer: B. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
Explanation:
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are potent greenhouse gases regulated under amendments to the Montreal Protocol due to their role in both global warming and ozone depletion.
98. Which sector is the largest source of nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions?
- A. Transportation
- B. Agriculture
- C. Industry
- D. Waste management
Answer: B. Agriculture
Explanation:
Agriculture, particularly the use of synthetic fertilizers, is the largest source of nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, a potent greenhouse gas contributing to climate change.
99. Which of the following gases has the highest heat-trapping efficiency?
- A. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- B. Methane (CH₄)
- C. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- D. Water vapor (H₂O)
Answer: B. Methane (CH₄)
Explanation:
Methane (CH₄) has a much higher heat-trapping efficiency than carbon dioxide, making it a potent greenhouse gas even though its concentration is lower in the atmosphere.
100. Which of the following methods can help reduce the urban heat island effect?
- A. Expanding concrete surfaces
- B. Planting more trees and vegetation
- C. Increasing vehicle emissions
- D. Reducing public transportation use
Answer: B. Planting more trees and vegetation
Explanation:
Planting trees and vegetation helps reduce the urban heat island effect by providing shade, reducing heat absorption, and cooling the surrounding air through evapotranspiration.
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