11. Which of the following drugs is classified as an antacid?
- A. Cimetidine
- B. Chlorpheniramine
- C. Diazepam
- D. Ibuprofen
Answer: A. Cimetidine
Explanation:
Cimetidine is an H2 receptor antagonist that reduces stomach acid production and is used as an antacid for treating conditions like ulcers and acid reflux. Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine, Diazepam is an anti-anxiety drug, and Ibuprofen is an NSAID.
12. Which of the following compounds is used as a food preservative?
- A. Sodium benzoate
- B. Urea
- C. Formalin
- D. Sodium hydroxide
Answer: A. Sodium benzoate
Explanation:
Sodium benzoate is a preservative that prevents the growth of bacteria and fungi in food products. Urea is used in fertilizers, formalin is used for preservation in biological specimens, and sodium hydroxide is a caustic substance.
13. Which of the following drugs is used in the treatment of depression?
- A. Fluoxetine
- B. Aspirin
- C. Insulin
- D. Penicillin
Answer: A. Fluoxetine
Explanation:
Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used to treat depression. Aspirin is used for pain and inflammation, insulin is used to manage diabetes, and penicillin is an antibiotic.
14. Which of the following is a non-ionic detergent?
- A. Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate
- B. Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride
- C. Polyethylene glycol
- D. Sodium lauryl sulfate
Answer: C. Polyethylene glycol
Explanation:
Non-ionic detergents like polyethylene glycol do not ionize in solution and are used in various cleaning applications. Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and sodium lauryl sulfate are anionic detergents, while cetyltrimethylammonium chloride is cationic.
15. Which of the following additives is used as a thickening agent in food?
- A. Xanthan gum
- B. Aspartame
- C. Sodium chloride
- D. Benzoic acid
Answer: A. Xanthan gum
Explanation:
Xanthan gum is a thickening agent used to increase the viscosity of food products without altering their other properties. Aspartame is a sweetener, sodium chloride is table salt, and benzoic acid is a preservative.
16. Which of the following is used as an anti-malarial drug?
- A. Quinine
- B. Ampicillin
- C. Chloramphenicol
- D. Paracetamol
Answer: A. Quinine
Explanation:
Quinine is an anti-malarial drug derived from the bark of the cinchona tree. It is used to treat malaria caused by Plasmodium parasites. Ampicillin and chloramphenicol are antibiotics, while paracetamol is an antipyretic and analgesic.
17. Which of the following is a broad-spectrum antibiotic?
- A. Penicillin
- B. Tetracycline
- C. Isoniazid
- D. Streptomycin
Answer: B. Tetracycline
Explanation:
Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic effective against a wide range of bacterial infections. Penicillin primarily targets gram-positive bacteria, isoniazid is used to treat tuberculosis, and streptomycin is used for tuberculosis and other infections.
18. Which of the following detergents is biodegradable?
- A. Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate
- B. Sodium stearate
- C. Alkylbenzene sulfonate
- D. Sodium laureth sulfate
Answer: B. Sodium stearate
Explanation:
Sodium stearate is a soap and a biodegradable detergent. It breaks down naturally in the environment. Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and alkylbenzene sulfonates are synthetic detergents that may not be fully biodegradable.
19. Which of the following is an artificial sweetener?
- A. Glucose
- B. Sucrose
- C. Aspartame
- D. Fructose
Answer: C. Aspartame
Explanation:
Aspartame is a low-calorie artificial sweetener used in diet beverages and food products. Glucose, sucrose, and fructose are natural sugars.
20. Which of the following drugs is used in the treatment of tuberculosis?
- A. Isoniazid
- B. Aspirin
- C. Paracetamol
- D. Ibuprofen
Answer: A. Isoniazid
Explanation:
Isoniazid is an antibiotic specifically used to treat tuberculosis by inhibiting the synthesis of mycolic acid in the bacterial cell wall. Aspirin, paracetamol, and ibuprofen are used for pain and fever relief.
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