41. Which of the following is an example of a molecule with sp hybridization?
a) BeCl2
b) BF3
c) CH4
d) NH3
Answer: a) BeCl2
Explanation: In beryllium chloride (BeCl2), the central beryllium atom forms two sigma bonds and has no lone pairs, leading to sp hybridization and a linear structure.
42. The shape of PCl5 is:
a) Trigonal planar
b) Octahedral
c) Tetrahedral
d) Trigonal bipyramidal
Answer: d) Trigonal bipyramidal
Explanation: Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) has five bonding pairs and no lone pairs, resulting in a trigonal bipyramidal shape with bond angles of 90° and 120°.
43. Which of the following is an example of a resonance structure?
a) NH3
b) H2O
c) O3
d) CH4
Answer: c) O3
Explanation: Ozone (O3) has two equivalent resonance structures, where the position of the double bond and single bond between oxygen atoms alternates.
44. Which of the following molecules has a bond angle closest to 109.5°?
a) H2O
b) NH3
c) CH4
d) CO2
Answer: c) CH4
Explanation: Methane (CH4) has a tetrahedral geometry with bond angles of 109.5°.
45. Which of the following molecules is nonpolar despite having polar bonds?
a) HCl
b) CO2
c) H2O
d) NH3
Answer: b) CO2
Explanation: Carbon dioxide (CO2) is linear and symmetrical, and although the C=O bonds are polar, their dipole moments cancel each other out, making CO2 a nonpolar molecule.
46. Which of the following statements is correct about the bond in HCl?
a) It is purely covalent
b) It is purely ionic
c) It is polar covalent
d) It has a coordinate bond
Answer: c) It is polar covalent
Explanation: The bond in HCl is polar covalent because there is a difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and chlorine, leading to unequal sharing of electrons.
47. Which of the following molecules has a bent shape?
a) CO2
b) CH4
c) H2O
d) BF3
Answer: c) H2O
Explanation: Water (H2O) has two lone pairs on oxygen, which cause repulsion and result in a bent shape with a bond angle of about 104.5°.
48. The hybridization of the carbon atom in CO2 is:
a) sp
b) sp2
c) sp3
d) None of the above
Answer: a) sp
Explanation: In carbon dioxide (CO2), the carbon atom forms two double bonds, which involves sp hybridization, resulting in a linear geometry.
49. The number of pi bonds in benzene (C6H6) is:
a) 3
b) 6
c) 9
d) 12
Answer: a) 3
Explanation: Benzene has three alternating double bonds, each containing one pi bond. Thus, there are a total of 3 pi bonds in benzene.
50. Which of the following exhibits hydrogen bonding?
a) CH4
b) HCl
c) HF
d) CCl4
Answer: c) HF
Explanation: Hydrogen fluoride (HF) exhibits hydrogen bonding due to the large electronegativity difference between hydrogen and fluorine.
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