81. Which of the following compounds can act as a Lewis acid?
a) Benzene
b) Ethylene
c) Aluminum chloride
d) Water
Answer: c) Aluminum chloride
Explanation: Aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) can accept a pair of electrons, making it a Lewis acid.
82. What type of isomerism is exhibited by compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas?
a) Geometric isomerism
b) Optical isomerism
c) Structural isomerism
d) Cis-trans isomerism
Answer: c) Structural isomerism
Explanation: Structural isomerism occurs when compounds have the same molecular formula but differ in the connectivity of their atoms.
83. Which of the following compounds can be produced from the reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid?
a) Ether
b) Ester
c) Ketone
d) Aldehyde
Answer: b) Ester
Explanation: The reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid produces an ester through a process called esterification.
84. Which of the following compounds can undergo hydrogenation?
a) Alkane
b) Alkene
c) Alkyne
d) Both b and c
Answer: d) Both b and c
Explanation: Both alkenes and alkynes can undergo hydrogenation, where hydrogen is added across double or triple bonds.
85. What type of bond is formed between two carbon atoms in a triple bond?
a) One sigma bond and two pi bonds
b) Two sigma bonds and one pi bond
c) Three sigma bonds
d) Three pi bonds
Answer: a) One sigma bond and two pi bonds
Explanation: A triple bond consists of one sigma bond and two pi bonds formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals.
86. Which of the following compounds is not an alkane?
a) Propane
b) Butane
c) Cyclopropane
d) 1-Butene
Answer: d) 1-Butene
Explanation: 1-Butene is an alkene due to the presence of a double bond, whereas the others are alkanes.
87. Which of the following can act as a reducing agent?
a) H₂O
b) NaBH₄
c) Cl₂
d) O₂
Answer: b) NaBH₄
Explanation: Sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) is a common reducing agent used in organic chemistry to reduce ketones and aldehydes.
88. Which of the following is a characteristic of cycloalkanes?
a) They have a linear structure.
b) They are saturated hydrocarbons.
c) They contain at least one double bond.
d) They are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Answer: b) They are saturated hydrocarbons.
Explanation: Cycloalkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds, arranged in a cyclic structure.
89. Which of the following compounds contains a carbonyl group?
a) Ether
b) Aldehyde
c) Alcohol
d) Alkane
Answer: b) Aldehyde
Explanation: Aldehydes contain a carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of a carbon chain.
90. Which of the following compounds can be produced from the reaction of a ketone with a Grignard reagent?
a) Alcohol
b) Alkene
c) Ether
d) Aldehyde
Answer: a) Alcohol
Explanation: The reaction of a ketone with a Grignard reagent results in the formation of a tertiary alcohol after hydrolysis.
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